Recent advances in cancer characterization have consistently revealed marked heterogeneity, impeding the completion of integrated molecular and clinical maps for each malignancy. Here, we focus on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a B cell neoplasm with variable natural history that is conventionally categorized into two subtypes distinguished by extent of somatic mutations in the heavy-chain variable region of immunoglobulin genes (IGHV). To build the 'CLL map,' we integrated genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic data from 1,148 patients. We identified 202 candidate genetic drivers of CLL (109 new) and refined the characterization of IGHV subtypes, which revealed distinct genomic landscapes and leukemogenic trajectories. Discovery of new gene expression subtypes further subcategorized this neoplasm and proved to be independent prognostic factors. Clinical outcomes were associated with a combination of genetic, epigenetic and gene expression features, further advancing our prognostic paradigm. Overall, this work reveals fresh insights into CLL oncogenesis and prognostication.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41588-022-01140-w | DOI Listing |
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Hematology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
Objective: To assess the functional state and age-related characteristics of autophagy in peripheral blood leukocytes as a risk factor for the development of inflammaging using the example of the servicemen of the DefenseForces of Ukraine and clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident.
Materials And Methods: A total of 103 male patients aged 28-77 (56,48 ∓ 9,05) years were examined. They included: the main group - 23 servicemen of the Defense Forces of Ukraine aged 44-59 (50,21 ∓ 5,13) years; the comparison group - 57 clean-up workers of the Chornobyl accident aged 56-63 (60,31 ∓ 1,78) years; and the control group -23 civilians aged 28-77 (53,26 ∓ 15,98) years.
Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol
December 2024
State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka Str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
Objective: to investigate the reciprocal impact on the genome of malignant and normal human peripheral bloodlymphocytes under their co-culture and the possibility to modify the effects by astaxanthin.
Methods: Separate and joint/separate culturing of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the chronic lymphocyticleukemia (CLL) patients (n = 6) and conditionally healthy individuals (n = 6), Comet assay method, fluorescencemicroscopy with automated software for the analysis of results, statistical methods.
Results: Both direct and rescue tumour-induced bystander effects were observed under the joint/separate culturing of blood lymphocytes of conditionally healthy individuals (the bystander cells) and blood cells from CLL patients(the inducer cells).
Int Med Case Rep J
December 2024
Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a recognized complication of long-term immunosuppressive or cytotoxic therapy, typically occurring during immunosuppression or within a few months after treatment. To mitigate this risk, hepatological societies recommend the use of nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) for HBV reactivation prophylaxis, along with post-treatment monitoring; though, these recommendations are not universally consistent across different guidelines. We present a case of late HBV reactivation in a 76-year-old male with occult HBV infection who received rituximab-based therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Internal Medicine/Pulmonary Critical Care, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Harlan, USA.
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a malignancy of the lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and presents with non-specific systemic symptoms like fever, night sweats, and weight loss. While HL often involves the mediastinum, it rarely causes superior vena cava (SVC) syndrome, and eosinophilia is noted in approximately 15% of cases. Here, we report a unique presentation of HL in a 52-year-old male with a history of chronic pruritus, chronic kidney disease, and inactive hepatitis B.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Family Med Prim Care
November 2024
Department of Physiology, Sheikh Bhikhari Medical College, Hazaribag, Jharkhand, India.
Introduction: Anti-thyroid antibodies not only cause thyroid dysfunction but have independent adverse outcomes in the fetus and mother during pregnancy and after birth. Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis as a presentation of immune system deregulation may be associated with a generalized activation of the immune system at the fetus-maternal unit, the placenta. This interference could be associated with pregnancy morbidities in m o t h e r a n d fetus.
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