AI Article Synopsis
- Ballast water is a key way that invasive aquatic species enter new environments, prompting regulations for ships to install ballast water management systems (BWMS) by 2024.
- A study of ballast water from 29 ships revealed that nearly half of the samples had zooplankton levels that exceeded acceptable limits, despite BWMS being used.
- However, BWMS show improvement over past methods in reducing high-risk invasive species introductions, and increased compliance may come as crews become more familiar with these systems.
Article Abstract
Ballast water is a leading pathway for the global introduction of aquatic nonindigenous species. Most international ships are expected to install ballast water management systems (BWMS) by 2024 to treat ballast water before release. This study examines if ballast water discharges managed by BWMS are meeting standards for organisms ≥50 μm in minimum dimension (i.e., <10 organisms per m; typically zooplankton). Representative samples of ballast water were collected from 29 ships (using 14 different BWMS) arriving to Canada during 2017-2018. Fourteen samples (48 %) had zooplankton concentrations clearly exceeding the standard (ranging from 18 to 3822 organisms per m). Nonetheless, compared to earlier management strategies, BWMS appear to reduce the frequency of high-risk introduction events. BWMS filter mesh size was an important predictor of zooplankton concentration following treatment. Greater rates of compliance may be achieved as ship crews gain experience with operation and maintenance of BWMS.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10949186 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113947 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- The study addresses the issue of alien species invasion in marine ecosystems caused by ship ballast water, a major avenue for species transfer due to global trade.
- It developed a confocal Raman microscopic imaging (CRMI) system with advanced machine learning to accurately identify various bacterial types in ballast water, achieving high precision in detection.
- Additionally, the research evaluated the effectiveness of UV treatment on bacteria in ballast water, showing that 10 minutes of UV exposure could fully sterilize the specific bacteria tested, contributing valuable insights for improving ballast water management.
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