Sci Rep
Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt.
Published: August 2022
The debatable timing of India-Eurasia collision is based on geologic, stratigraphic, kinematic, and tectonic evidence. However, the collision event disturbed persistent processes, and the timing of disturbance in such processes could determine the onset of India-Eurasia collision precisely. We use the longevity of Southeast Indian Ridge (SEIR)-Kerguelen mantle plume (KMP) interaction cycles along the Ninetyeast ridge (NER) as a proxy to determine the commencement of India-Eurasia collision. The geochemical signature of the KMP tail along the NER is predominantly that of long-term coupling cycles, that was perturbed once by a short-term decoupling cycle. The long-term coupling cycles are mainly of enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts (E-MORBs). The short-term decoupling cycle is mostly derived from two distinct sources, MOR and plume separately, whereas the KMP is still being on-axis. The onset of India-Eurasia collision led to continental materials recycling into the mantle; hence the abrupt enrichment in incompatible elements at ca. 55 Ma, the MOR-plume on-axis decoupling, and the abrupt slowdown in the northward drift of the Indian plate was induced by the onset of India-Eurasia collision, thereafter MOR-plume recoupled.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16981-y | DOI Listing |
Nature
November 2024
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
The fast increase of convergence rate between India and Eurasia around 65 million years ago (Ma)-from approximately 8 cm yr to a peak rate of approximately 18 cm yr-remains a complex geological event to explain, given the inherent uncertainty surrounding the tectonic history and the intricate interplay of forces influencing plate speed. Here we use a combination of geochemical analysis and geodynamic modelling to propose that this rapid convergence can be explained by sediment subduction derived from the northern Indian passive margin. Through isotope and trace element analysis, we find an enhanced contribution of terrigenous sediment melt to the mantle source of the Gangdese magmatic rocks around 65 Ma, concurrent with the acceleration of India-Eurasia convergence.
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November 2023
State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100029, Beijing, China.
The Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision has had profound impacts on shaping the Tibetan plateau, but its early history remains controversial due to uneven availability of constraints. Recent plate reconstructions reveal two prominent counterclockwise rotation (azimuthal change) rate peaks of the Indian plate at 52-44 and 33-20 Ma, respectively, which could bear key information about this collision history. Using fully dynamic three-dimensional numerical modeling, we show that the first rotation rate peak reflected the initial diachronous collision from the western-central to eastern Indian front, and the second peak reflected the full collision leading to strong coupling between India and Eurasia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Bull (Beijing)
December 2023
State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100029, China.
After two continents collide, plate convergence and orogenesis are sustained because subducted continental lithosphere continues pulling the surface plate. It remains controversial how, why, and when continental plate convergence and collision slow down and eventually cease. We use an unprecedented data coverage and present a regional-scale seismic tomographic image of the mantle structure beneath the Tibetan Plateau.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Bull (Beijing)
March 2023
State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Volcanic arc degassing contributes significantly to atmospheric CO levels and therefore has a pivotal impact on paleoclimate changes. The Neo-Tethyan decarbonation subduction is thought to have played a major role in Cenozoic climate changes, although there are still no quantifiable restrictions. Here we build past subduction scenarios using an improved seismic tomography reconstruction method and calculate the subducted slab flux in the India-Eurasia collision region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
August 2022
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences/School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Desf. (Simaroubaceae), now widespread in southern Asia to northern Australia, was widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere during the Cenozoic, but has few fossil records at low latitudes. Here we report the fossil samaras of Unger from South China and its occurrences indicate that this genus has been distributed in low latitude regions since the middle Eocene.
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