Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has evolved considerably since its first description over 50 years ago. This review aims to provide a historical framework for conceptualizing BPD and a current understanding of the changing definition, epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and outcomes of BPD. The transdisciplinary approach that led to the initial phenotypic description of BPD continues to hold promise today. Investigators are refining the definition of BPD in light of changes in clinical care and increasing survival rates of very preterm infants. Despite improvements in perinatal care the incidence of BPD continues to increase. There is growing recognition that antenatal risk factors play a key role in the development of BPD. Strategies designed to prevent or limit neonatal lung injury continue to evolve. Defining the phenotype of infants with BPD can meaningfully direct treatment. Infants with BPD benefit from an interdisciplinary approach to longitudinal care with a focus on growth and neurocognitive development. While the ultimate impact of BPD on long-term pulmonary morbidity remains an active area of investigation, current data indicate that most children and adolescents with a history of BPD have a quality of life comparable to that of other preterm infants.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ped.2020.1205 | DOI Listing |
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas 37130-000, MG, Brazil.
Background: Melanoma is the most aggressive and lethal skin cancer that affects thousands of people worldwide. Ruthenium complexes have shown promising results as cancer chemotherapeutics, offering several advantages over platinum drugs, such as potent efficacy, low toxicity, and less drug resistance. Additionally, anthraquinone derivatives have broad therapeutic applications, including melanoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
January 2025
Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
Disrupted neonatal lung alveologenesis often leads to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), the most common chronic lung disease in children. The inhibition of type 2 alveolar (AT2) cell proliferation plays an important role in the arrest of alveologenesis. However, the mechanism of AT2 cell proliferation retardation in BPD is still not fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildren (Basel)
December 2024
Division of Neonatology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
L-citrulline (L-CIT), a precursor to L-arginine (L-ARG), is a key contributor to the nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by deficient nitric oxide synthesis, is implicated in the pathogenesis of various neonatal conditions such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) associated pulmonary hypertension (PH). This review summarizes the current evidence around the possible role of L-CIT supplementation in the treatment of these conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRespir Res
January 2025
Chiesi Farmaceutici, R&D Department, Parma, Italy.
Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung condition of premature neonates, yet without an established pharmacological treatment. The BPD rabbit model exposed to 95% oxygen has been used in recent years for drug testing. However, the toxicity of the strong hyperoxic hit precludes a longer-term follow-up due to high mortality after the first week of life.
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