Society suffers when people stay silent on moral issues. Yet people who engage morally may appear hypocritical if they behave imperfectly themselves. Research reveals that hypocrites can-but do not always-trigger a "hypocrisy penalty," whereby they are evaluated as more immoral than ordinary (non-hypocritical) wrongdoers. This pattern reflects that moral engagement can confer reputational benefits, but can also carry reputational costs when paired with inconsistent moral conduct. We discuss mechanisms underlying these costs and benefits, illuminating when hypocrisy is (and is not) evaluated negatively. Our review highlights the role that dishonesty and other factors play in engendering disdain for hypocrites, and offers suggestions for how, in a world where nobody is perfect, people can engage morally without generating backlash.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101404 | DOI Listing |
Academic stress is associated with lower engagement in healthy behaviors, including physical exercise, among middle school students. Based on Self-Determination Theory, this study examines the association between academic stress and physical exercise behavior among middle school students, exploring the mechanisms through the chained mediation of motivation and intention. Scales used in this study include the Academic Stress Scale, Autonomous and Controlled Motivation Scales, and Physical Exercise Intention and Behavior Scales to measure relevant variables.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegr Psychol Behav Sci
January 2025
University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
This interview article explores how British anthropologist Tim Ingold's work can inspire innovation in mental health and the psy disciplines. Ingold critiques dominant biomedical and individualistic approaches, arguing for the importance of caring attentiveness and abolishing dichotomies like those between surface and depth, when engaging with people to understand and assist them. Instead, he suggests viewing human existence as correspondences with environmental, social, and relational others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince 1979, The Belmont Report has served as a guidebook for ensuring that basic standards for ethical research are upheld. The Belmont Report calls for special protections of vulnerable research participants, such as people who are incarcerated and economically and educationally disadvantaged individuals who are deemed susceptible to exploitation. With a growing focus on health equity and community-engaged approaches in health equity research, efforts to involve vulnerable participants are increasing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Bachelor Program in Digital Media and Technology, Tzu Chi University, 701 Zhongyang Rd., Sec. 3, Hualien City, 97004, Taiwan.
Altruism is beneficial to society as it promotes mental and physical health alongside economic and societal growth. Previous studies have indicated, however, that people tend not to engage in altruistic behaviors toward strangers. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the factors that motivate individuals to participate in altruistic actions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSociol Health Illn
January 2025
Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) was established a quarter of a century ago in 1999 to regulate the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals (and other health technologies) for the NHS. Drawing on medical sociology theories of corporate bias, neoliberalism, pluralism/polycentricity and regulatory capture, the purpose of this article is to examine the applicability of those theories to NICE as a key regulatory agency in the UK health system. Based on approximately 7 years of documentary research, interviews with expert informants and observations of NICE-related meetings, this paper focuses particularly on NICE's relationship with the interests of the pharmaceutical industry compared with other stakeholder interests at the meso-organisational level.
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