Objectives: Human T leukemia virus type one (HTLV-1) causes two life-threatening diseases in around five percent of infected subjects, a T cell malignancy and a neurodegenerative disease. TAX and HBZ are the main virulence agents implicated in the manifestation of HTLV-1-associated diseases. Therefore, this study aims to produce these HTLV-1 factors as recombinant Fc fusion proteins to study the structures, their immunogenic properties as vaccines, and their capability to produce specific neutralization antibodies.
Materials And Methods: TAX and HBZ sequences were chosen from the NCBI-nucleotide database, then designed as human Fc chimers and cloned into . Produced proteins were purified by HiTrap affinity chromatography and subcutaneously injected into rabbits. Rabbit Abs were purified by batch chromatography, and their neutralization activities for the HTLV-1-infected MT-2 cell line were assessed. Furthermore, the protective abilities of recombinant proteins were evaluated in Tax or HBZ immunized rabbits by MT-2 cell line inoculation and measurement of HTLV-1-proviral load.
Results: Specific Abs against Tax and HBZ can eliminate 2 million MT-2 cells in 1/1000 dilution . In challenging assays, the immunization of the animals using Tax or HBZ had no protective activity as HTLV-1 PVL was still positive.
Conclusion: The result suggests that recombinant TAX and HBZ: hFcγ1 proteins can produce a proper humoral immune response. Therefore, they could be considered a passive immunotherapy source for HTLV-1-associated diseases, while total TAX and HBZ proteins are unsuitable as HTLV-1 vaccine candidates.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9282740 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.22038/IJBMS.2022.64787.14266 | DOI Listing |
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