Prior to the recent introduction of generic TDF/FTC in the U.S., access to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV was greatly limited due to the downstream effects of the high cost of the medication. This article argues that despite drug copay cards and patient assistance programs, the promise of drastically reduced HIV diagnoses has never been fully realized, and more policy reforms on drug pricing are needed to make ending the HIV epidemic a reality.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2022.35 | DOI Listing |
CNS Neurosci Ther
January 2025
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Objective: This study aims to investigate how the E3 ubiquitin ligase LITAF influences mitochondrial autophagy by modulating MCL-1 ubiquitination, and its role in the development of epilepsy.
Methods: Employing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to analyze brain tissue from epilepsy patients, along with high-throughput transcriptomics, we identified changes in gene expression. This was complemented by in vivo and in vitro experiments, including protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, western blotting, and behavioral assessments in mouse models.
Unlabelled: RNA-driven protein aggregation leads to cellular dysregulation by sequestering regulatory proteins, disrupting normal cellular processes, and contributing to the development of diseases and tumorigenesis. Here, we show that double homeobox 4 (DUX4), an early embryonic transcription factor and causative gene of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD), induces the accumulation of stable intranuclear RNAs, including nucleolar-associated RNA and human satellite II (HSATII) repeat RNA. Stable intranuclear RNAs drive protein aggregation in DUX4-expressing muscle cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMany of the 'hallmarks of aging' involve alterations in cellular and organismal metabolism. One pathway with the potential to impact several traditional markers of impaired function with aging is the PI3K/AKT metabolic pathway. Regulation of this pathway includes many aspects of cellular function, including protein synthesis, proliferation and survival, as well as many downstream targets, including mTOR and FOXOs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNuclear DNA is organized into a compact three-dimensional (3D) structure that impacts critical cellular processes. High-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) is the most widely used method for measuring 3D genome architecture, while linear epigenomic assays, such as ATAC-seq, DNase-seq, and ChIP-seq, are extensively employed to characterize epigenomic regulation. However, the integrative analysis of chromatin interactions and associated epigenomic regulation remains challenging due to the pairwise nature of Hi-C data, mismatched resolution between Hi-C and epigenomic assays, and inconsistencies among analysis tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe opioid epidemic is a pervasive health issue and continues to have a drastic impact on the United States. This is primarily because opioids cause respiratory suppression and the leading cause of death in opioid overdose is respiratory failure ( , opioid-induced respiratory depression, OIRD). Opioid administration can affect the frequency and magnitude of inspiratory motor drive by activating µ-opioid receptors that are located throughout the respiratory control network in the brainstem.
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