Purpose: To examine whether sociodemographic, and ocular factors relate to optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived foveal curvature (FC) in healthy individuals.
Methods: We developed a deep learning model to quantify OCT-derived FC from 63,939 participants (age range, 39-70 years). Associations of FC with sociodemographic, and ocular factors were obtained using multilevel regression analysis (to allow for right and left eyes) adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, height (model 1), visual acuity, spherical equivalent, corneal astigmatism, center point retinal thickness (CPRT), intraocular pressure (model 2), deprivation (Townsend index), higher education, annual income, and birth order (model 3). Fovea curvature was modeled as a z-score.
Results: Males had on average steeper FC (0.077; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.077-0.078) than females (0.068; 95% CI 0.068-0.069). Compared with whites, non-white individuals showed flatter FC, particularly those of black ethnicity. In black males, -0.80 standard deviation (SD) change when compared with whites (95% CI -0.89, -0.71; P 5.2e10-68). In black females, -0.70 SD change when compared with whites (95% CI -0.77, -0.63; p 2.3e10-93). Ocular factors (visual acuity, refractive status, and CPRT) showed a graded inverse association with FC that persisted after adjustment. Macular curvature showed a positive association with FC. Income showed a linear trend increase in males (P for linear trend = 0.005).
Conclusions: We demonstrate marked differences in FC with ethnicity on the largest cohort studied for this purpose to date. Ocular factors showed a graded association with FC. Implementation of FC quantification in research and on the clinical setting can enhance the understanding of clinical macular phenotypes in health and disease.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.63.8.26 | DOI Listing |
Crystallin proteins serve as both essential structural and as well as protective components of the ocular lens and are required for the transparency and light refraction properties of the organ. The mouse lens crystallin proteome is represented by αA-, αB-, βA1-, βA2-, βA3-, βA4-, βB1-, βB2-, βB3-, γA-, γB-, γC-, γD-, γE, γF-, γN-, and γS-crystallin proteins encoded by 16 genes. Their mutations are responsible for lens opacification and early onset cataract formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Asthma Allergy
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: Although periostin has recently emerged as a new mediator in chronic allergic diseases, particularly in upper airway disease, its significance as a biomarker for allergic rhinitis (AR) is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to assess the potential of periostin as a novel candidate biomarker for diagnosing and assessing the severity of AR.
Patients And Methods: A total of 40 patients with AR and 22 healthy controls, all aged over 18 years, were recruited for the study.
Purpose: To investigate the influence of systemic and serum measures and hypoglycemic medications on the initial presentation and ongoing development of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME).
Design: Using Veterans Affairs electronic health records, we identified patients with a diabetes mellitus diagnosis and at least one eye examination between 1997 and 2010. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, we used multivariable Cox regression models to evaluate the association of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, blood pressure, albuminuria, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and prescribed medications with the subsequent diagnosis of 1) any diabetic eye disease (defined for this analysis as DR and/or DME, 2) diabetic retinopathy, and 3) diabetic macular edema.
Trends Hear
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Speech-on-speech masking is a common and challenging situation in everyday verbal communication. The ability to segregate competing auditory streams is a necessary requirement for focusing attention on the target speech. The Visual World Paradigm (VWP) provides insight into speech processing by capturing gaze fixations on visually presented icons that reflect the speech signal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China. Electronic address:
Diabetic wounds often exhibit a chronic non-healing state due to the combined effects of multiple factors, including hyperglycemia, impaired angiogenesis, immune dysfunction, bacterial infection, and excessive oxidative stress. Despite the availability of various therapeutic strategies, effectively managing the complex and prolonged healing process of diabetic infected wounds remains challenging. In this study, we combined the natural antidiabetic drug lipoic acid (LA) with the RADA16-YIGSR (RY) peptide obtained through solid-phase synthesis, utilizing reversible hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds for binding.
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