Health issues of residents of mold-infested housing are reported on a regular basis, and reasons for the arising impairments can be manifold. One possible cause are the toxic secondary metabolite produced by indoor microfungi (mycotoxins). To enable a more thorough characterization of the exposure to mycotoxins in indoor environments, data on occurrence and quantities of mycotoxins is essential. In the presented study, 51 naturally mold-infested building material samples were analyzed applying a previously developed method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) separation in combination with triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (TQMS) detection. A total of 38 secondary metabolites derived from different indoor mold genera like Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, and Stachybotrys were analyzed, of which 16 were detectable in 28 samples. As both the spectrum of target analytes and the investigated sample matrices showed high chemical varieties, an alternative calibration approach was applied complementary to identify potentially emerging matrix effects during ionization and mass spectrometric detection. Overall, strong alterations of analyte signals were rare, and compensation of considerable matrix suppression/enhancement only had to be performed for certain samples. Besides mycotoxin determination and quantification, the presence of 18 different mold species was confirmed applying microbiological approaches in combination with macro- and microscopic identification according to DIN ISO 16000-17:2010-06. These results additionally highlight the diversity of mycotoxins potentially arising in indoor environments and leads to the assumption that indoor mycotoxin exposure stays an emerging topic of research, which has only just commenced.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12550-022-00461-3 | DOI Listing |
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
Centre for Safety, Resilience and Protective Security, Fire Safety Engineering Group, School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Greenwich SE10 9LS, United Kingdom.
Large passenger ships are characterised as enclosed and crowded indoor spaces with frequent interactions between travellers, providing conditions that facilitate disease transmission. This study aims to provide an indoor ship CO dataset for inferring thermal comfort, ventilation and infectious disease transmission risk evaluation. Indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring was conducted in nine environments (three cabins, buffet, gym, bar, restaurant, pub and theatre), on board a cruise ship voyaging across the UK and EU, with the study conducted in the framework of the EU HEALTHY SAILING project.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
January 2025
Cognitive Systems Lab, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Over recent years, automated Human Activity Recognition (HAR) has been an area of concern for many researchers due to its widespread application in surveillance systems, healthcare environments, and many more. This has led researchers to develop coherent and robust systems that efficiently perform HAR. Although there have been many efficient systems developed to date, still, there are many issues to be addressed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2024
SOTI Aerospace, SOTI Inc., Mississauga, ON L5N 8L9, Canada.
Indoor navigation is becoming increasingly essential for multiple applications. It is complex and challenging due to dynamic scenes, limited space, and, more importantly, the unavailability of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals. Recently, new sensors have emerged, namely event cameras, which show great potential for indoor navigation due to their high dynamic range and low latency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
January 2025
Department of Civil Engineering, Aalto University, 00076 Espoo, Finland; International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Faculty of Science, School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia. Electronic address:
Genus Stachybotrys (Stachybotryaceae, Hypocreales) requires high humidity to grow and represents one of the most notorious fungi associated with suspected illness in moist buildings. If Stachybotrys conidia are found in settled indoor dusts, their presence may indicate water intrusion and mold infestation revealed after dismantling the building structures. This study describes detection of Stachybotrys growth hidden inside the structures of three buildings in Finland.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Ground-level ozone (O) can infiltrate indoor environments, severely impacting the environment and human health. Moisture-induced catalyst deactivation is a major challenge in catalytic ozone removal. MOF-template-derived heterojunctions supported by carbon materials can prevent chemisorption of water vapor at active sites.
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