An Overview of Adenoid Microbiome Using 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing-Based Metagenomic Analysis.

: the upper respiratory tract harbors the highest bacterial density in the whole respiratory system. Adenoids, which are located in the , are a major site of bacterial colonies in the upper airways. Our goal was to use culture-independent molecular techniques to identify the breadth of bacterial diversity in the adenoid vegetations of children suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis and obstructive sleep apnea. : in total, 21 adenoid samples were investigated using amplification and sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. : among the most common bacterial species found were , , , and . and dominated the microbiome in all 21 samples, attributing to more than 60% of all detected genetic material. : since both and are, predominantly, oral cavity and dental microorganisms, our findings may suggest oral microbiome migration deeper into the oropharynx and nasopharynx where these bacteria colonize adenoid vegetations.