We provide here an updated description of the REDfly (Regulatory Element Database for Fly) database of transcriptional regulatory elements, a unique resource that provides regulatory annotation for the genome of and other insects. The genomic sequences regulating insect gene expression-transcriptional -regulatory modules (CRMs, e.g., "enhancers") and transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs)-are not currently curated by any other major database resources. However, knowledge of such sequences is important, as CRMs play critical roles with respect to disease as well as normal development, phenotypic variation, and evolution. Characterized CRMs also provide useful tools for both basic and applied research, including developing methods for insect control. REDfly, which is the most detailed existing platform for metazoan regulatory-element annotation, includes over 40,000 experimentally verified CRMs and TFBSs along with their DNA sequences, their associated genes, and the expression patterns they direct. Here, we briefly describe REDfly's contents and data model, with an emphasis on the new features implemented since 2020. We then provide an illustrated walk-through of several common REDfly search use cases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13070618 | DOI Listing |
Insects
July 2022
New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
We provide here an updated description of the REDfly (Regulatory Element Database for Fly) database of transcriptional regulatory elements, a unique resource that provides regulatory annotation for the genome of and other insects. The genomic sequences regulating insect gene expression-transcriptional -regulatory modules (CRMs, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsects
June 2021
Program in Genetics, Genomics, and Bioinformatics, University at Buffalo-State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
An ever-growing number of insect genomes is being sequenced across the evolutionary spectrum. Comprehensive annotation of not only genes but also regulatory regions is critical for reaping the full benefits of this sequencing. Driven by developments in sequencing technologies and in both empirical and computational discovery strategies, the past few decades have witnessed dramatic progress in our ability to identify regulatory modules (CRMs), sequences such as enhancers that play a major role in regulating transcription.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
January 2019
New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
The REDfly database provides a comprehensive curation of experimentally-validated Drosophila transcriptional cis-regulatory elements and includes information on DNA sequence, experimental evidence, patterns of regulated gene expression, and more. Now in its thirteenth year, REDfly has grown to over 23 000 records of tested reporter gene constructs and 2200 tested transcription factor binding sites. Recent developments include the start of curation of predicted cis-regulatory modules in addition to experimentally-verified ones, improved search and filtering, and increased interaction with the authors of curated papers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
December 2010
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Computational methods attempting to identify instances of cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) in the genome face a challenging problem of searching for potentially interacting transcription factor binding sites while knowledge of the specific interactions involved remains limited. Without a comprehensive comparison of their performance, the reliability and accuracy of these tools remains unclear. Faced with a large number of different tools that address this problem, we summarized and categorized them based on search strategy and input data requirements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
January 2011
Center for Computational Research, New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
The REDfly database of Drosophila transcriptional cis-regulatory elements provides the broadest and most comprehensive available resource for experimentally validated cis-regulatory modules and transcription factor binding sites among the metazoa. The third major release of the database extends the utility of REDfly as a powerful tool for both computational and experimental studies of transcription regulation. REDfly v3.
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