Crude oil price shocks have led to a fluctuation in commodity prices through the industrial chain and supply-demand relationships, which can substantially influence a country's economy. In this paper, we propose a transmission model of oil price shocks to Chinese price levels and explore the direct and indirect impacts of crude oil price shocks on various Chinese price indices, combining the Granger causality test, impulse response function, and network analysis method. The empirical data are the Brent, WTI, Dubai, and Daqing spot crude oil prices and eight categories of Chinese price indices from January 2011 to March 2020. We found the following results: (1) Consumer price index (CPI) and the price index for means of agricultural production (MAPPI) cannot be directly impacted by crude oil price fluctuations, while they could be indirectly affected. (2) The duration and degree of the impacts of oil prices on each price index vary, and the export price index (EPI) is the most significantly affected. (3) The proportion of the indirect impact in the total impact of crude oil price shocks ranges from 0.03% to 100.00%. Thus, indirect influence cannot be ignored when analyzing the influence of crude oil price fluctuation on Chinese price level.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24070944 | DOI Listing |
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
January 2025
Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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January 2025
Laboratory of Engineering Profile, Satbayev University, Satbayev St. 22a, 050013, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Several mechanisms were postulated to reduce drilling problems, improve hole cleaning characteristics, and keep the bit in good condition for the second usage. This study was conducted on Majnoon Field in southeastern Iraq to optimize the bit and drilling parameters. The results indicated that the 16" SFD75D bit proved the preferred bit for both vertical and deviated wells due to its directional capabilities.
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Beijing Gilface Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100012, China.
In order to solve the problem of logging calibration without a free pipe in the process of acoustic variable density logging and the subjective problem of the free pipe calibration method, this paper studies an attenuation rate calibration method based on acoustic variable density logging. Using the developed acoustic wave probe response relationship device and the acoustic wave probe calibration device, the response consistency of the receiving probe of the acoustic wave instrument and the frequency of the transmitting probe can be calibrated in the laboratory, and the response consistency and frequency calibration coefficient can be obtained. Through this coefficient, the acoustic wave attenuation rate can be derived.
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Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, Bonn, D-53115, Germany; Institute for Advanced Simulation (IAS-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, D-52425, Germany; Center for Advanced Simulation and Analytics (CASA), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, D-52425, Germany; Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, 0186, Georgia; Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address:
Biotechnol Adv
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Division of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Microbial cell factories provide sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based chemical production using cost-effective substrates. A deep understanding of their metabolism is essential to harness their potential along with continuous efforts to improve productivity and yield. However, the construction and evaluation of numerous genetic variants are time-consuming and labor-intensive.
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