Hydroxyaromatic compounds (ArOHs) have a wide range of applications in catalytic synthesis and biological processes due to their increased acidity upon photo-excitation. The proton transfer of ArOHs the excited singlet state has been extensively studied. However, there has still been a debate on the unique type of ArOH that can undergo an ultrafast intersystem crossing. The nitro group in -nitrophenylphenol (NO-Bp-OH) enhances the spin-orbit coupling between excited singlet states and the triplet manifold, enabling ultrafast intersystem crossing and the formation of the long-lived lowest excited triplet state (T) with a high yield. In this work, we used time-resolved transient absorption to investigate the excited state proton transfer of NO-Bp-OH in its T state to -butylamine, methanol, and ethanol. The T state of the deprotonated form NO-Bp-O was first observed and identified in the case of -butylamine. Kinetic analysis demonstrates that the formation of the hydrogen-bonded complex with methanol and ethanol as proton acceptors involves their trimers. The alcohol oligomer size required in the excited state proton transfer process is dependent on the excited acidity of photoacid.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2cp02503e | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
Epoxides are versatile chemical intermediates that are used in the manufacture of diversified industrial products. For decades, thermochemical conversion has long been employed as the primary synthetic route. However, it has several drawbacks, such as harsh and explosive operating conditions, as well as a significant greenhouse gas emissions problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
January 2025
NUPOM Lab, Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K.
An understanding of proton transfer and migration at the surfaces of solid metal oxides and related molecular polyoxometalates (POMs) and metal alkoxides is crucial for the development of reactivity involving protonation or the absorption/binding of water. In this work, the hydrolysis of alkoxido Ti- and Sn-substituted Lindqvist [(MeO)MWO] (M = Ti, ; M = Sn, ) and Keggin [(MeO)MPWO] (M = Ti, ; M = Sn, ) type polyoxometalates (POMs) to hydroxido derivatives and subsequent condensation to μ-oxido species has been investigated in detail to provide insight into proton transfer reactions in these molecular metal oxide systems. Solution NMR studies revealed the dependence of reactions not only on the nature of the heteroatom (Ti or Sn) but also on the type of lacunary (W or PW) POM and also on the solvent (MeCN or DMSO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
January 2025
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China.
The electrochemical conversion of nitrate to ammonia is necessary to restore the globally perturbed nitrogen cycle. Herein, the regulated coordination of active Cu single atoms to selectively modulate the energy barriers of proton-electron transfer steps was investigated and offered valuable insights for improving the selectivity and kinetics of the NORR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
January 2025
Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California 91125, United States.
Samarium diiodide (SmI) exhibits high selectivity for NR catalyzed by molybdenum complexes; however, it has so far been employed only as a stoichiometric reagent (0.3 equiv of NH per Sm) combined with coordinating proton sources (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
January 2025
Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
Understanding the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) mechanism and accurately characterizing the reaction interface are essential for improving fuel cell efficiency. We developed an active learning framework combining machine learning force fields and enhanced sampling to explore the dynamics and kinetics of the ORR on Fe-N/C using a fully explicit solvent model. Different possible reaction paths have been explored and the O adsorption process is confirmed as the rate-determining step of the ORR at the Fe-N/C-water interface, which needs to overcome a free energy barrier of 0.
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