Objective: To examine the association of fetal/placental DNA copy number variants (CNVs) with pathologic placental lesions (PPLs) in pregnancies complicated by stillbirth.
Design: A secondary analysis of stillbirth cases in the Stillbirth Collaborative Research Network case-control study.
Setting: Multicenter, 59 hospitals in five geographical regions in the USA.
Population: 387 stillbirth cases (2006-2008).
Methods: Using standard definitions, PPLs were categorised by type including maternal vascular, fetal vascular, inflammatory and immune/idiopathic lesions. Single-nucleotide polymorphism array detected CNVs of at least 500 kb. CNVs were classified into two groups: normal, defined as no CNV >500 kb or benign CNVs, and abnormal, defined as pathogenic or variants of unknown clinical significance.
Main Outcome Measures: The proportions of abnormal CNVs and normal CNVs compared between stillbirth cases with and without PPLs using the Wald Chi-square test.
Results: Of 387 stillborn fetuses, 327 (84.5%) had maternal vascular PPLs and 60 (15.6%) had abnormal CNVs. Maternal vascular PPLs were more common in stillborn fetuses with abnormal CNVs than in those with normal CNVs (81.7% versus 64.2%; P = 0.008). The proportions of fetal vascular, maternal/fetal inflammatory and immune/idiopathic PPLs were similar among stillborn fetuses with abnormal CNVs and those with normal CNVs. Pathogenic CNVs in stillborn fetuses with maternal vascular PPLs spanned several known genes.
Conclusions: Abnormal placental/fetal CNVs were associated with maternal vascular PPLs in stillbirth cases. The findings may provide insight into the mechanisms of specific genetic abnormalities associated with placental dysfunction and stillbirth.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.17269 | DOI Listing |
Semin Respir Crit Care Med
December 2024
South Africa Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Maternal vaccination is an effective strategy in protecting young infants from LRTI, particularly in the first few months after birth when infant is most vulnerable, and most primary childhood vaccinations have not been administered. Additionally, maternal vaccination protects the mother from illness during pregnancy and the postnatal period, and the developing fetus from adverse outcomes such as stillbirth and prematurity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlood Adv
December 2024
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia.
Haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN) due to Rhesus D (RhD) antigen mismatch between the mother and foetus has been a significant cause of neonatal jaundice, recurrent miscarriage and stillbirth throughout history. Anti-RhD prophylaxis using polyclonal immunoglobulin G (RhD-pIgG) derived from the plasma of RhD-negative donors immunised with RhD-positive red blood cells (RBCs), has reduced the incidence of HDFN, but this approach is currently restricted to developed countries. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offer a promising alternative to address this pressing need, but prior attempts to develop effective anti-RhD mAbs have failed, in some cases due to differences in fucosylation patterns between mAbs produced in cell lines and RhD-pIgG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Pregnancy Childbirth
December 2024
Department of Health Systems and Policy, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Pregnancy is a crucial period for a woman, her family, and society. Early initiation of antenatal care (ANC) follow-up helps to identify pre-existing health conditions and complications arising during pregnancy. It also allows the mother to receive health promotion and disease prevention services.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Bioallied Sci
October 2024
Department of Physiology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAKMHSU, Al Qusaidat, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
Background: Induction of labor (IOL) initiates labor artificially, aiming to prevent potential risks for both mother and fetus. However, data on IOL outcomes for parous women in the developing countries are scarce.
Objectives: This study evaluates maternal and neonatal outcomes in parous women undergoing IOL at a Sudanese hospital.
Haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) is a rare condition that causes a baby to develop anaemia while growing inside the woman; or after birth. Left untreated, this may lead to stillbirth or neonatal death. HDFN is caused when the pregnant woman's antibodies cross the placenta, enter the baby's circulation, and attach to proteins called antigens (inherited from the father) on the baby's haemoglobin containing red blood cells, and cause them to break apart, causing fetal anaemia.
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