Contact sports athletes are regularly facing acute physical pain in part of their sport; however, the literature investigating pain perception in these athletes remains scarce. This scoping review aimed to explore the literature surrounding pain perception in contact sport athletes and to compile and understand how it is studied. The search strategy consisted of using index terms and keywords in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global search engines. Results from 11 studies revealed that a mix of team contact sports and combat sports are studied and are included under the umbrella of contact sports. These athletes are being compared with non-athletes as well as athletes from non-contact sports. The cold pressor test and the pain pressure test are the two predominant methods used to investigate physical pain. This review highlights the need to clearly define sports based on contact levels expected in play to better define the types of pain athletes are facing in their practice. Athletes' level of play as well as years of experience should also be more rigorously reported. While contact sport athletes seem to have a higher level of pain tolerance than both active controls and non-contact athletes, the methods of pain testing are not always justified and appropriate in relation to the pain induced during contact sports. Future experimental studies should use pain testing methods relevant to the pain experienced during contact sports and to better justify the rationale for the choice of these methods.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01721-z | DOI Listing |
Headache
January 2025
Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Objective: Our primary objective was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with exercise therapy for the treatment of cervicogenic headache. Our exploratory objectives compared symptoms of headache, mood, pain, and quality of life between active and sham transcranial direct stimulation combined with exercise therapy.
Background: Cervicogenic headache arises from injury to the cervical spine or degenerative diseases impacting cervical spine structure resulting in pain, reduced quality of life, and impaired function.
J Biomech
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
This study explored how systematic changes in running shoe degradation and foot inversion alter the distribution and peak value of heel pressure and calcaneus stress, as well as the total stress-concentration exposure (TSCE) within the calcaneal bone. A foot-shoe finite element model was employed and three shoe wear conditions (new shoe (CON), moderate worn shoe (MWSC), excessive worn shoe (EWSC)) coupled with three foot inversion angles (0°, 10°, 20°) were further modulated. Simulations were conducted at the impact peak instant during running.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Epidemiol
January 2025
Gerontology Research Center (GEREC), Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Objectives: The association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and a lower risk of mortality is susceptible to bias from multiple sources. We investigated the potential of biological ageing to mediate the association between long-term LTPA and mortality and whether the methods used to account for reverse causality affect the interpretation of this association.
Methods: Study participants were twins from the older Finnish Twin Cohort (n = 22,750; 18-50 years at baseline).
S D Med
October 2024
University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota.
Orf is a parapoxvirus endemically found in sheep and goats. Orf can be transmitted to humans in close contact with infected animals, causing a self-limited viral skin infection known as ecythyma contagiosum. The diagnosis can be made clinically and treatment is usually conservative; however, unfamiliarity with orf may lead to an extended work-up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: In the last decade, concussions and subconcussive brain trauma in football and other high impact sports have become of increasing concern. Tackling, in youth football, accounts for a high proportion of head impacts and injuries, including concussions. Thus, minimizing head impact severity during tackling may help in reducing concussion risk and subconcussive brain trauma.
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