The spatial distribution of cooperating individuals plays a strategic role in territorial interactions of many group-living animals, and can indicate group cohesion. Vocalizations are commonly used to judge the distribution of signallers, but the spatial resolution of sounds is poor. Many species therefore accompany calls with movement; however, little is known about the role of audio-visual perception in natural interactions. We studied the effect of angular separation on the efficacy of multimodal duets in the Australian magpie-lark, . We tested specifically whether conspicuous wing movements, which typically accompany duets, affect responses to auditory angular separation. Multimodal playbacks of duets using robotic models and speakers showed that birds relied primarily on acoustic cues when visual and auditory angular separations were congruent, but used both modalities to judge separation between the signallers when modalities were spatially incongruent. The visual component modified the effect of acoustic separation: robotic models that were apart weakened the response when speakers were together, while models that were together strengthened responses when speakers were apart. Our results show that responses are stronger when signallers are together, and suggest that males were are able to bind information cross-modally on the senders' spatial location, which is consistent with a multisensory illusion.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0680 | DOI Listing |
BMC Musculoskelet Disord
December 2024
Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.31, Xinjiekou East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100035, China.
Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a multiplanar deformity and surgical treatment is often guided by two-dimensional radiographic parameters. This study assessed the reliability and accuracy of the AIR classification(The first metatarsal head's lateral edge can be delineated as angular (type A), round (type R), or intermediate (type I) through visual inspection or circle measurements on weight-bearing radiographs.)commonly used in clinical settings to categorize the shape of the lateral edge of the first metatarsal head, against measurements from weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Affect Disord
December 2024
Behavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Background: Rumination is implicated in the onset and maintenance of major depressive disorder (MDD). Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RF-CBT) effectively targets rumination and may change resting-state brain connectivity and change in activation during a rumination induction task (RIT) post-intervention predicts depressive symptoms two years later. We examined brain activation changes during an RIT in adolescents with remitted MDD following RF-CBT and evaluated RIT reliability (or stability) during treatment as usual (TAU).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
December 2024
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Center of Optical Materials and Chemistry, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center of Photo-Functional Materials and Chemistry, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China.
The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) devices has surpassed 19% owing to the blooming of fused-ring nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), especially for acceptor-donor-acceptor (A-D-A) type NFAs. However, the structural effect of the angular/linear fusion mode and number of fused rings for A-D-A type NFAs on the photovoltaic performance in OSCs devices remains unclear. Herein, the A-D-A type NFAs (, , and ) have been selected to obtain the intrinsic role of structural design strategies including the angular/linear fusion mode and the number of fused rings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
The effect of the angular rolling process on the plan view pattern of a plate was studied, and the rectangular influencing factors and improvement methods for this process were proposed in this paper. DEFORM (v11.0) finite element software was used to simulate the processes of conventional rolling and angular rolling, and the degree of rectangularity of plates under different rolling process conditions was compared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeliyon
May 2024
Department of Solid Mechanics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-53153, Iran.
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