Background: Since the last two decades, substantial increase in fungal infections has been observed in immunocompromised hosts. Virulence factors of play a role in adherence, haemolytic activity, phenotypic switching and production of hydrolytic enzymes. The secreted aspartyl proteinases ( family) contribute to adhesion, tissue damage and invasion, while phospholipase () supports the hydrolysis of phospholipids. Very few studies showed the correlation of phenotypic activity and detection of genes contributing to the similar enzyme activity. Therefore, our study aimed at demonstrating correlation between phenotypic production of phospholipase and proteinase enzymes with genetic level detection of and genes.
Methods: The present study was carried out on a total of 799 samples over a period of one year. Culturing was carried out on Sabouraud's dextrose agar. Confirmation and speciation of spp. was carried out using cornmeal agar and CHROMagar and by the germ tube test, urease test and automated identification system Vitek-2, and antifungal susceptibility testing was performed on isolates. Phenotypic phospholipase and proteinase activity was analysed, and molecular detection of and genes was carried out.
Results: In our study, we have screened 799 samples for mycological protocol; of which, 269 (33.6%) were species, 44% (119) of which were . Proteinase activity was exhibited by 77 (64.7%) and phospholipase activity was exhibited by 73 (61.34%) isolates, while 46.2% exhibited both activities among the species. The gene was detected in 97.3% isolates, while 4 was detected in 94.7% of isolates.
Conclusion: The study of in vitro expression of virulence factors and gene detection of will help to improve the prognosis despite the nature of the sample.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.03.023 | DOI Listing |
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