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The molecular toll pathway repertoire in anopheline mosquitoes.
Dev Comp Immunol
January 2025
Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. Electronic address:
Innate immunity in mosquitoes has received much attention due to its potential impact on vector competence for vector-borne disease pathogens, including malaria parasites. The nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent Toll pathway is a major regulator of innate immunity in insects. In mosquitoes, this pathway controls transcription of the majority of the known canonical humoral immune effectors, mediates anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral immune responses, and contributes to malaria parasite killing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorphological Characterization of Culex Quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Pupae in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Microsc Res Tech
October 2024
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Article Synopsis
- Over the past three decades, mosquito-borne diseases like lymphatic filariasis have become a significant public health concern globally, especially in tropical regions such as Saudi Arabia, due to the spread of parasites like Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi transmitted by mosquitoes like Culex quinquefasciatus.
- * Culex quinquefasciatus also serves as a vector for various viruses and protozoa, necessitating better species identification, particularly of their immature pupal stages, which are currently under-researched.
- * This study focused on examining the morphological features of Cx. quinquefasciatus pupae to improve identification, helping entomologists more effectively classify mosquitoes during virus outbreaks
The Molecular Toll Pathway Repertoire in Anopheline Mosquitoes.
bioRxiv
September 2024
Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Innate immunity in mosquitoes has received much attention due to its potential impact on vector competence for vector-borne disease pathogens, including malaria parasites. The nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent Toll pathway is a major regulator of innate immunity in insects. In mosquitoes, this pathway controls transcription of the majority of the known canonical humoral immune effectors, mediates anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral immune responses, and contributes to malaria parasite killing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransposon and Transgene Tribulations in Mosquitoes: A Perspective of piRNA Proportions.
DNA (Basel)
June 2024
Department of Biology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA.
Mosquitoes, like , are dipterans, the order of "true flies" characterized by a single set of two wings. are prime model organisms for biomedical research, while mosquito researchers struggle to establish robust molecular biology in these that are arguably the most dangerous vectors of human pathogens. Both insects utilize the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway to generate small RNAs to silence transposons and viruses, yet details are emerging that several RNAi features are unique to each insect family, such as how culicine mosquitoes have evolved extreme genomic feature differences connected to their unique RNAi features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynthetic Alfalfa Infusion Odour Attracts Gravid Culex quinquefasciatus Under Laboratory Conditions.
J Chem Ecol
October 2024
Disease Vector Group, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
Gravid culicine mosquitoes rely on olfactory cues for selecting breeding sites containing organic detritus. While this capacity of the mosquitoes is used for surveillance and control, the current methodology is unwieldy, unreliable and expensive in time and labour. This study evaluated the dose-dependent attraction and oviposition response of gravid Culex quinquefasciatus to alfalfa infusions.
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