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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2022.969371 | DOI Listing |
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"Actor-critic" dichotomous hyperactivation and hypoconnectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Neuroimage Clin
December 2024
Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal. Electronic address:
Dysfunctional response inhibition, mediated by the striatum and its connections, is thought to underly the clinical manifestations of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the exact neural mechanisms remain controversial. In this study, we undertook a novel approach by positing that a) inhibition is a dynamic construct inherently susceptible to numerous failures, which require error-processing, and b) the actor-critic framework of reinforcement learning can integrate neural patterns of inhibition and error-processing in OCD with their behavioural correlates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExpansion of stereotactic work envelope using transformation matrices and geometric algebra for neurosurgery.
Biomed Eng Lett
January 2025
NaviNetics, Inc, Rochester, MN USA.
Stereotactic systems have traditionally used Cartesian coordinate combined with linear algebraic mathematical models to navigate the brain. Previously, the development of a novel stereotactic system allowed for improved patient comfort, reduced size, and carried through a simplified interface for surgeons. The system was designed with a work envelope and trajectory range optimized for deep brain stimulation applications only.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBeyond the Illusion of Controlled Environments: How to Embrace Ecological Pertinence in Research?
Eur J Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Through the lens of preclinical research on substance use disorders (SUD), I propose a reflection aimed at re-evaluating animal models in neuroscience, with a focus on ecological relevance. While rodent models have provided valuable insights into the neurobiology of SUD, the field currently faces a validation crisis, with findings often failing to translate into effective human treatments. Originally designed to address the lack of reproducibility in animal studies, the current global gold standard of rigorous standardization has led to increasingly controlled environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroligin-3 R451C induces gain-of-function gene expression in astroglia in an astroglia-enriched brain organoid model.
Cell Regen
January 2025
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Astroglia are integral to brain development and the emergence of neurodevelopmental disorders. However, studying the pathophysiology of human astroglia using brain organoid models has been hindered by inefficient astrogliogenesis. In this study, we introduce a robust method for generating astroglia-enriched organoids through BMP4 treatment during the neural differentiation phase of organoid development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly therapy initiation is crucial in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: prospective multimodal data from the German INHIBIT registry.
J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany.
Background: Diagnosing chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) can be challenging, leading to delays in initiating therapy. As disability in CIDP is mainly dependent on axonal damage, the impact of delayed immunotherapy remains unclear. We multimodally investigated the clinical outcomes of patients with early CIDP regarding different treatment strategies and time points.
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