AI Article Synopsis
- Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) are emerging as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids, formed through hydrogen bonding interactions.
- There are four distinct types of DESs, each utilizing different combinations of metal chlorides and quaternary ammonium salts, along with other components, which contribute to their unique properties.
- DESs exhibit advantages such as low vapor pressure and enhanced solubility, making them particularly effective in enzymatic reactions, especially with lipases, and future research may focus on engineering DESs for specialized applications.
Article Abstract
As a new generation of green solvents, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been considered as a promising alternative to classical organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs). DESs are normally formed by two or more components via various h-bonds interactions. Up to date, four types of DESs are found, namely, type I DESs (formed by MClx, namely FeCl, AlCl, ZnCl, CuCl and AgCl et al., and quaternary ammonium salts); type II DESs (formed by metal chloride hydrates and quaternary ammonium salts); type III DESs (formed by choline chlorides and different kinds of HBDs) and type IV DESs (formed by salts of transition metals and urea). DESs share many advantages, such as low vapor pressure, good substrate solubility and thermal stability, with ILs, and offering a high potential to be the medium of biocatalysis reactions. In this case, this paper reviews the applications of DESs in enzymatic reactions. Lipases are the most widely used enzyme in DESs systems as their versatile applications in various reactions and robustness. Interestingly, DESs can improve the efficiency of these reactions via enhancing the substrates solubility and the activity and stability of enzymes. Therefore, the directed engineering of DESs for special reactions such as degradation of polymers in high temperature or strong acid-base conditions will be one of the future perspectives of the investigation DESs.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.044 | DOI Listing |
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