The present study investigated the effects of adding wheat straw treated with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) and a probiotic supplement to finely ground starters on growth performance, rumen fermentation, behavior, digestibility, and health of dairy calves. A total of 48 Holstein dairy calves (39.8 ± 1.67 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to one of 4 nutritional treatments (n = 12 calves per treatment). The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of two diets with or without EFE-treated wheat straw (2 g/day/calf) and diets with or without probiotics (2 g/day/calf). All calves were weaned on day 63 and remained in the study until day 84. The addition of EFE to wheat straw had no effect on starter feed intake, increased neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility and recumbency, but decreased average daily gain (ADG) after weaning (240 g/d). The addition of probiotics to the diet had no effect on starter feed intake, improved feed efficiency, ADG (150 g/d), final weight (11.3 kg), and NDF digestibility, and decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate in the rumen. The addition of probiotics to starter feed for calves could improve their growth.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16070-0 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Civil Engineering , University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
For millennia mud has been utilized to make brick for the construction of both residential as well as architectural purposes. However, concerns regarding their vulnerability to different kinds of hazards due to their weak mechanical properties and durability have emerged. This study addressed the global challenge of developing sustainable and affordable construction materials, particularly in resource-constrained regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Pollut
January 2025
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Electronic address:
Nitrogen (N) doping of biomass prior pyrolysis has been identified as an effective approach for enhancing biochar catalytic reactivity. However, high-temperature pyrolysis of N-rich biomass may produce N-devoid biochars with high reactivity, calling for attention to the true causes of the reactivity increases and the role of nitrogen. In this study, N-doped wheat straw biochar (N-BC) materials were produced using urea as N dopant and different pyrolysis conditions, and their catalytic reactivity assessed for the reduction of trichloroethylene (TCE) by green rust (GR), a layered Fe(II)Fe(III) hydroxide.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl)
January 2025
Department of Animal Science, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
White rot fungi can degrade lignin and improve the nutritional value of highly lignified biomass for ruminants. We screened for excellent fungi-biomass combinations by investigating the improvement of digestibility of wheat straw, barley straw, oat straw, rapeseed straw, miscanthus, new reed, spent reed from thatched roofs, and cocoa shells after colonisation by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora (CS), Lentinula edodes (LE), and Pleurotus eryngii (PE) (indicated by increased in vitro gas production [IVGP]). First, growth was evaluated for three fungi on all types of biomass, over a period of 17 days in race tubes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 9820, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
This study explores the potential of using underutilized materials from agricultural and forestry systems, such as rice husk, wheat straw, and wood strands, in developing corrugated core sandwich panels as a structural building material. By leveraging the unique properties of these biobased materials within a corrugated geometry, the research presents a novel approach to enhancing the structural performance of such underutilized biobased materials. These biobased materials were used in different lengths to consider the manufacturing feasibility of corrugated panels and the effect of fiber length on their structural performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, India, Varanasi.
In South Asia, declining water tables due to increased irrigation and labor shortages for manual weeding pose significant challenges for wheat production. Additionally, herbicide resistance, often resulting from poor management practices, further complicates weed problems. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of traditional irrigation regimens (IRs) and herbicide application on wheat crops.
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