Introduction/objectives: The health of elderly individuals is known to benefit from maintaining societal involvement and relationships with other people, such as through social participation. We aimed to determine trends in the percentage of Japanese elderly people who engaged in social participation before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in one municipality in Japan, and compared differences in this status by gender.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were sent by mail to 3000 people aged 65 to 85 years who were randomly selected by the administrative staff of the city. Participant characteristics (age, gender, working status, residential status) and their economic status, daily physical activity, and social participation status were obtained at 3 time points: (1) before the COVID-19 pandemic in January 2020; (2) immediately prior to the declaration of a state of emergency in April 2020; and (3) in January 2021, 1 year after (1).
Results: A total of 1301 people responded to the survey. The mean age was 73.3 (SD 5.5) years, and 690 (53.0%) were women. There were significant gender differences in terms of living alone, employment status, and amount of physical activity. The number of people reporting social participation gradually decreased from 543 respondents (41.7%) at (1) to 319 (24.5%) at (2) and 251 (19.3%) at (3). Women were more likely to demonstrate reduced social participation.
Conclusions: Elderly individuals, particularly women, reported decreased social participation during the pandemic.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501319221111113 | DOI Listing |
J Technol Behav Sci
December 2024
Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Childhood behavioral problems are common; despite evidence that parenting interventions improve outcomes, the use of these programs is limited. Virtual delivery may ameliorate attendance barriers, but little is known on the acceptability and feasibility of virtual group parenting interventions. This mixed-methods study explored the feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness of the virtual delivery of a parenting intervention, Child Adult Relationship Enhancement in Primary Care (PriCARE) among 18 caregivers and 8 facilitators.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
December 2024
Institute of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao Development Studies, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Background: Ensuring child health, as a key objective of global childcare policies, requires coordinated efforts between the government, social organizations and communities, institutions, and families. Despite China's progress in comprehensive childcare policy development, rapid economic growth, and urbanization, challenges persist, such as urban-rural disparities and unequal resource distribution, highlighting the need for effective collaboration between policy actors.
Methods: To collect textual data, this study searched for prefectural-level childcare policy texts issued since 2019 on government websites and legal databases, ultimately identifying 224 documents for analysis.
Front Psychol
December 2024
School of Business Administration, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Introduction: Encouraging proactive behavior among employees is a crucial pathway for companies to adapt swiftly and gain a competitive edge. In contrast to other forms of organizational citizenship behavior that tend to preserve existing work practices within the organization, Challenge-Oriented Organizational Citizenship Behavior (COCB) aims to improve upon these by offering constructive suggestions and altering employees' work methods, policies, and procedures for the benefit of the organization. However, not all employees are willing to engage in COCB, even when the organization actively encourages participation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci
December 2024
Department of Global Health & Social Medicine, King's College London, London UK.
Objectives: This study examines employment responses to a partner's disability onset and how this is moderated by working conditions: job satisfaction and psychosocial job demands.
Methods: We use longitudinal nationally representative data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging. Following the health shock literature, we identify individuals whose partners report the onset of difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) between two waves (n=1,020) as experiencing a 'care shock'.
Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being
December 2025
School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
Purpose: This study aims to explore user and staff experiences of a revised process for coordinated individual planning (CIP) that involves the user alongside staff from social services and healthcare and incorporates shared decision-making (SDM).
Method: Eight staff members and five users participated in individual semi-structured interviews. The collected data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
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