AI Article Synopsis
- Autophagy can now be measured non-invasively using specialized iron oxide nanoparticles that are taken up by autophagosomes and can be tracked using imaging techniques like MRI and near-infrared fluorescence.
- In a study with live mice, these nanoparticles allowed researchers to quantify autophagy changes due to various conditions, including ischemia-reperfusion injury and starvation, as well as to assess the effects of chemotherapy drugs.
- The findings suggest that enhancing autophagic activity, particularly through pre-starvation before chemotherapy, may protect heart function and improve survival rates.
Article Abstract
Autophagy-the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic components via their sequestration into double-membraned autophagosomes-has not been detected non-invasively. Here we show that the flux of autophagosomes can be measured via magnetic resonance imaging or serial near-infrared fluorescence imaging of intravenously injected iron oxide nanoparticles decorated with cathepsin-cleavable arginine-rich peptides functionalized with the near-infrared fluorochrome Cy5.5 (the peptides facilitate the uptake of the nanoparticles by early autophagosomes, and are then cleaved by cathepsins in lysosomes). In the heart tissue of live mice, the nanoparticles enabled quantitative measurements of changes in autophagic flux, upregulated genetically, by ischaemia-reperfusion injury or via starvation, or inhibited via the administration of a chemotherapeutic or the antibiotic bafilomycin. In mice receiving doxorubicin, pre-starvation improved cardiac function and overall survival, suggesting that bursts of increased autophagic flux may have cardioprotective effects during chemotherapy. Autophagy-detecting nanoparticle probes may facilitate the further understanding of the roles of autophagy in disease.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9492651 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41551-022-00904-3 | DOI Listing |
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