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Cross-sectional analysis of whole-brain microstructural changes in adult patients with bipolar and unipolar depression by diffusion kurtosis imaging. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • More than half of individuals with bipolar depression (BD) are often misdiagnosed with unipolar depression (UD) due to a lack of clear diagnostic criteria; this study aimed to identify neuroimaging markers to differentiate these two conditions.
  • The research involved a total of 62 participants, including those diagnosed with BD, UD, and healthy controls, who underwent advanced brain imaging techniques to measure various diffusion and kurtosis metrics across different brain regions.
  • Results indicated specific microstructural changes in the left amygdala and right hemi-cerebellum for BD, while UD showed distinct changes in the right external capsule and right amygdala, highlighting the potential of diffusion kurtosis imaging as a tool for better diagnosing and managing

Article Abstract

Rationale And Objectives: More than half of the bipolar depression (BD) subjects are misdiagnosed as unipolar depression (UD) due to lack of objective diagnostic criteria. We aimed to identify microstructural neuronal changes differentiating BD from UD groups using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). The objective of the study is to identify an objective neuro-imaging marker to differentiate BD from UD.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study included total of 62 subjects with diagnosis of bipolar depression ( = 21), unipolar depression ( = 21), and healthy controls ( = 20). All subjects underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (b = 0,1000,2000) of the whole brain on 3-Tesla MR scanner. DKI data was analyzed using 189 region whole-brain atlas. Eight diffusion and kurtosis metrics including mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (AK), radial kurtosis (RK), and kurtosis fractional anisotropy (FKA) were measured against these 189 regions. Principle component analysis (PCA) was utilized to identify the most significant regions of the brain. ANOVA with post hoc tests was used for analyzing these regions.

Results: BD group showed increased MD, RD, decreased AK at the left amygdala and decreased MK and RK at the right hemi-cerebellum. UD group showed increased MK and RK at the right external capsule; and increased AK, MK, and RK at the right amygdala.

Conclusion: The right and left amygdala, right external capsule, and right hemi-cerebellum showed microstructural abnormalities capable of differentiating BD and UD groups. Diffusion imaging especially DKI can aid in management of depression patients.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10034704PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009221114446DOI Listing

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