Purpose: Previous studies have suggested that beta-alanine supplementation may benefit exercise performance, but current evidence regarding its effects on body composition remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of beta-alanine supplementation on body composition indices.
Methods: Online databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, were searched up to April 2021 to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which examined the effect of beta-alanine supplementation on body composition indices. Meta-analyses were carried out using a random-effects model. The I index was used to assess the heterogeneity of RCTs.
Results: Among the initial 1413 studies that were identified from electronic databases search, 20 studies involving 492 participants were eligible. Pooled effect size from 20 studies indicated that beta-alanine supplementation has no effect on body mass (WMD: -0.15 kg; 95% CI: -0.78 to 0.47; = 0.631, I = 0.0%, = 0.998), fat mass (FM) (WMD: -0.24 kg; 95% CI: -1.16 to 0.68; = 0.612, I = 0.0%, = 0.969), body fat percentage (BFP) (WMD: -0.06%; 95% CI: -0.53 to 0.40; = 0.782, I = 0.0%, = 0.936), and fat-free mass (FFM) (WMD: 0.05 kg; 95% CI: -0.71 to 0.82; = 0.889, I = 0.0%, = 0.912). Subgroup analyses based on exercise type (resistance training [RT], endurance training [ET], and combined training [CT]), study duration (<8 and ≥8 weeks), and beta-alanine dosage (<6 and ≥6 g/d) demonstrated similar results. Certainty of evidence across outcomes ranged from low to moderate.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis study suggests that beta-alanine supplementation is unlikely to improve body composition indices regardless of supplementation dosage and its combination with exercise training. No studies have examined the effect of beta-alanine combined with both diet and exercise on body composition changes as the primary variable. Therefore, future studies examining the effect of the combination of beta-alanine supplementation with a hypocaloric diet and exercise programs are warranted.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2022.2079384 | DOI Listing |
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