AI Article Synopsis
- The study assesses the long-term effectiveness and safety of rituximab in treating myasthenia gravis (MG), focusing on its impact on IgG levels in patients.
- It included 30 drug-refractory MG patients, finding that all patients with anti-MuSK antibodies showed positive outcomes, while only 33% of those with anti-AChR antibodies did.
- A notable concern was the development of severe infections in some patients post-treatment, with 60% of those who got infections also experiencing low IgG levels, leading to recommendations for closer monitoring of IgG.
Article Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the long-term efficacy, safety, and impact on immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels of rituximab in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). A retrospective, observational study of drug-refractory MG patients treated with rituximab was done. The MG Foundation of America postintervention status (MGFA-PIS) was used to evaluate clinical response. Serum IgG levels were determined at baseline and post-treatment. Hypogammaglobulinemia was defined as IgG<7g/L. Thirty patients were included, 12 with anti-MuSK and 18 with anti-AChR antibodies. Mean (SD) follow-up was 85.5 (48) months. All 12 MuSK+ patients but only six (33%) AChR+ patients achieved minimal manifestations or remission (p<0.01). Nine severe infections were observed in five patients (17%). One patient was diagnosed with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. At baseline, two patients (2/24; 8%) had hypogammaglobulinemia. During follow-up, hypogammaglobulinemia was observed in 60% (3/5) of patients who developed an infection and in 33% (7/21) who did not. Two of these patients died of infection-related complications. This study supports the effectiveness of rituximab in patients with MG, especially those with anti-MuSK antibodies. Severe infections may appear after rituximab treatment and hypogammaglobulinemia might play a role on it. A standard protocol would be needed to closely monitor IgG levels in MG patients treated with rituximab.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nmd.2022.06.006 | DOI Listing |
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