Here, an epidemiological model considering pro and anti-vaccination groups is proposed and analyzed. In this model, susceptible individuals can migrate between these two groups due to the influence of false and true news about safety and efficacy of vaccines. From this model, written as a set of three ordinary differential equations, analytical expressions for the disease-free steady state, the endemic steady state, and the basic reproduction number are derived. It is analytically shown that low vaccination rate and no influx to the pro-vaccination group have similar impacts on the long-term amount of infected individuals. Numerical simulations are performed with parameter values of the COVID-19 pandemic to illustrate the analytical results. The possible relevance of this work is discussed from a public health perspective.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10441-022-09443-5 | DOI Listing |
Neuropsychologia
March 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, Bath, Somerset, BA2 7AY, UK.
The fast periodic visual stimulation oddball paradigm (FPVS-oddball) is an electroencephalography (EEG) marker of discrimination between two classes of frequency tagged stimuli (standards and oddballs). Here, we probe low-level visual function using FPVS-oddball, with a view to its future use as a sensitive diagnostic marker of visuoperceptual cognitive impairment. Thirty participants (21 (±5) years, 7 males) completed five FPVS-oddball conditions that implicitly measured their ability to discriminate an oddball line orientation (1°,5°,10°,30°,80°), from a standard vertical line, as well as an equiprobable control condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
February 2025
Ca' Foscari University of Venice, DSMN-via Torino 155, 30172 Mestre (Venice), Italy.
An integral relation is derived from the Fokker-Planck equation which connects the steady-state probability currents with the dynamics of relaxation on short timescales in the limit of small perturbation fields. As a consequence of this integral relation, a general lower bound on the steady-state entropy production is obtained. Two particular ensembles of perturbation fields are then considered, respectively constant gradients and density displacements, and correspondingly two different averaging-based thermodynamic bounds are derived from the integral relation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
February 2025
Waseda University, Department of Physics, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
We show that nonsingular black holes realized in nonlinear electrodynamics are always prone to Laplacian instability around the center because of a negative squared sound speed in the angular direction. This is the case for both electric and magnetic BHs, where the instability of one of the vector-field perturbations leads to enhancing a dynamical gravitational perturbation in the even-parity sector. Thus, the background regular metric is no longer maintained in a steady state.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Immunol
March 2025
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Regulatory T cells (T) have diverse functional specification in homeostasis and disease. However, how liver T function and are transcriptionally regulated in obesity is not well understood. Here, we identified that effector T expressing activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) were enriched in the livers of obese mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChaos
March 2025
Chair of Systems Design, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
We explore the nonlinear dynamics of a macroeconomic model with resource constraints. The dynamics is derived from a production function that considers capital and a generalized form of energy as inputs. Energy, the new variable, is depleted during the production process and has to be renewed, whereas capital grows with production and decreases from depreciation.
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