sp. XKL1, previously found to have the ability to efficiently degrade quinoline, was bioaugmented into a lab-scale A/O/O system to treat real coking wastewater. During the bioaugmentation stage, the removal of quinoline and pyridine of the O1 tank could be enhanced by 9.88% and 7.96%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that the addition of XKL1 could significantly affect the alteration of microbial community structure in the sludge. In addition, the relative abundance of has demonstrated a trend of increasing first followed by decreasing with the highest abundance of 7.87% attained on the 94th day. The bioaugmentation effects lasted for about 14 days after the strains was inoculated into the reactor. Although a decrease in the relative abundance of XKL1 was observed for a rather short period of time, the bioaugmented A/O/O system has been proven to be more effective in the removal of organic pollutants than the control. Hence, the results of this study indicated that the bioaugmentation with XKL1 is a feasible operational strategy that would be able to enhance the removal of NHCs in the treatment of coking wastewater with complex composition and high organic concentrations.
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