Value representations: Fast and slow.

Neuron

Geneva Finance Research Institute & Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Published: July 2022

Corticostriatal circuits represent value and choice during value-guided decision making. In this issue of Neuron, Balewski et al. (2022) show that caudate nucleus and orbitofrontal cortex use distinct value signals during choice, which are consistent with two parallel valuation mechanisms, one fast, one slow.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.06.011DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

fast slow
8
representations fast
4
slow corticostriatal
4
corticostriatal circuits
4
circuits represent
4
represent choice
4
choice value-guided
4
value-guided decision
4
decision making
4
making issue
4

Similar Publications

Acrobatics at the insect scale: A durable, precise, and agile micro-aerial robot.

Sci Robot

January 2025

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Aerial insects are exceptionally agile and precise owing to their small size and fast neuromotor control. They perform impressive acrobatic maneuvers when evading predators, recovering from wind gust, or landing on moving objects. Flapping-wing propulsion is advantageous for flight agility because it can generate large changes in instantaneous forces and torques.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

For trained individuals such as athletes and musicians, learning often plateaus after extensive training, known as the "ceiling effect." One bottleneck to overcome it is having no prior physical experience with the skill to be learned. Here, we challenge this issue by exposing expert pianists to fast and complex finger movements that cannot be performed voluntarily, using a hand exoskeleton robot that can move individual fingers quickly and independently.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Uncovering dissipation from coarse observables: A case study of a random walk with unobserved internal states.

J Chem Phys

January 2025

Department of Chemistry and Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.

Inferring underlying microscopic dynamics from low-dimensional experimental signals is a central problem in physics, chemistry, and biology. As a trade-off between molecular complexity and the low-dimensional nature of experimental data, mesoscopic descriptions such as the Markovian master equation are commonly used. The states in such descriptions usually include multiple microscopic states, and the ensuing coarse-grained dynamics are generally non-Markovian.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

RNA Translocation through Protein Nanopores: Interlude of the Molten RNA Globule.

J Am Chem Soc

January 2025

Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

Direct translocation of RNA with secondary structures using single-molecule electrophoresis through protein nanopores shows significant fluctuations in the measured ionic current, in contrast to unstructured single-stranded RNA or DNA. We developed a multiscale model combining the oxRNA model for RNA with the 3-dimensional Poisson-Nernst-Planck formalism for electric fields within protein pores, aiming to map RNA conformations to ionic currents as RNA translocates through three protein nanopores: α-hemolysin, CsgG, and MspA. Our findings reveal three distinct stages of translocation (pseudoknot, melting, and molten globule) based on contact maps and current values.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Metabolic Characterization of Sarin, Cyclosarin, and Novichoks (A-230, A-232) in Human Liver Microsomes.

Chem Res Toxicol

January 2025

Collaborations Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 1730 Varsity Drivef, Suite 360, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606-5228, United States.

We have assessed the human liver microsomal (HLM) metabolism of the chemical warfare nerve agents' sarin (GB), cyclosarin (GF), and the Novichok agents A-230 and A-232. In HLM, GB showed drastically decreased stability ( = 1.4 h).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!