Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases Encoding Genes among serovar Typhi Isolates in Patients with Typhoid Fever from four Academic Medical Centers Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: There is scarce information about the occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in a serovar Typhi () from patients with typhoid fever.

Objective: To study the antimicrobial resistance and ESBL encoding genes among isolates in aforesaid patients from Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: isolates were collected from blood samples of typhoid fever patients from 4 academic medical centers in Lagos, Nigeria. The identification of isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed by standard bacteriological techniques and disc diffusion method, respectively. The production of ESBLs was investigated using combination disk test (CDT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Results: A total of 27 isolates was collected. All isolates were susceptible to imipenem and nitrofurantoin. Fifteen (55.6%) isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). The CDT test showed 11 (40.7%) ESBL producer isolates. However, the PCR revealed a higher occurrence rate for ESBL producers (66.7%, n = 18/27). The ESBL genes were as follows: (37.0%, n = 10/27), (18.5%, n = 5/27), and (44.4%, n = 12/27). All ESBL positive isolates were MDR.

Conclusions: This study showed the emergence of ESBL-harboring in patients with typhoid fever from Nigeria.