It has been recently suggested that research on human multitasking is best organized according to three research perspectives, which differ in their focus on cognitive structure, flexibility, and plasticity. Even though it is argued that the perspectives should be seen as complementary, there has not been a formal approach describing or explaining the intersections between the three perspectives. With this theoretical note, we would like to show that the explicit consideration of individual differences is one possible way to elaborate in more detail on how and why the perspectives complement each other. We will define structure, flexibility, and plasticity; describe what constitutes individual differences; will outline selected empirical examples; and raise possible future research questions helping to develop the research field. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Strahlenther Onkol
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
Background: This study aims to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of large language models (LLMs) for providing patient education for men undergoing radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer, incorporating assessments from both clinicians and patients.
Methods: Six questions about definitive radiotherapy for prostate cancer were designed based on common patient inquiries. These questions were presented to different LLMs [ChatGPT‑4, ChatGPT-4o (both OpenAI Inc.
Clin Pharmacokinet
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
The rise in global obesity prevalence has increased the need to understand the pharmacokinetics of drugs in overweight and obese individuals. Tuberculosis remains a significant health challenge, and its treatment outcomes can be influenced by the pharmacokinetic profiles of antitubercular agents. This literature review aims to point out the clinical pharmacokinetics of antitubercular drugs in the overweight and obese patient population, highlighting considerations for potential dosage adjustments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Craniofac Surg
January 2025
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.
Background: Cranial defects from trauma, surgery, or congenital conditions require precise reconstruction to restore cranial vault integrity. Autogenous calvarial grafts are preferred for their histocompatibility and biomechanical properties, but their success depends on a well-developed diploic space. Although prior studies have described overall skull thickness development, less is known about how diploic thickness changes through adulthood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Anim Welf Sci
January 2025
Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Unesp Campus de Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil.
Environmental enrichment designed in accordance with the cats' individuality and household characteristics is one of the most effective and widely used tools to enhance feline welfare. This study aimed to evaluate the types of environmental enrichments provided by cat guardians and their associations with housing features and cat personality. An online questionnaire was developed including questions about types of enrichment provided, housing features (indoor .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealthcare (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
: Transitional attachment objects, such as blankets, play a critical role in childhood by helping children manage separation anxiety and regulate emotions. Although attachment to these objects often decreases as children grow older, it may persist into adulthood and influence emotion regulation and stress responses. Their influence on emotion regulation in adulthood remains uncertain.
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