A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionikm0jn22u0o3u3hcmr7ojni99mop9cnn): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "choices"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 249

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated

Filename: models/Detail_model.php

Line Number: 71

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated

Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php

Line Number: 8919

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 8919
Function: str_replace

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "choices"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 256

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 257

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 257

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 258

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 258

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 259

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 259

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Undefined array key "usage"

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null

Filename: controllers/Detail.php

Line Number: 260

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

Construct validity and reliability of the perceived stress scale for nursing students in South Africa. | LitMetric

Construct validity and reliability of the perceived stress scale for nursing students in South Africa.

Curationis

Centre for Health Systems Research & Development, Faculty of Humanities, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein.

Published: June 2022

AI Article Synopsis

Article Abstract

Background:  Increased levels of stress in nursing students are negatively related to caring behaviours and also result in poorer job proficiency and nurses who are more inclined to leave the profession. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), developed by Sheu and colleagues, is one of the most cited instruments for measuring stress and sources of stress amongst nursing students in international studies. However, it has not been widely validated for this purpose.

Objectives:  This research aimed to test the construct validity and reliability of the PSS for South African nursing students.

Method:  A cross-sectional survey was conducted at a Central South African University, and 471 of the 685 registered nursing students (68.8% response rate) participated in the study. Questionnaires were distributed and collected during classes. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the hypothesised six-factor latent structure and determine the construct validity of the PSS. The internal consistency of the PSS was measured using Cronbach's alpha.

Results:  The model fit was a good fit and supported the six-factor latent structure as stress from (1) taking care of patients, (2) teachers and nursing staff, (3) assignments and workload, (4) peers and daily life, (5) lack of professional knowledge and skills and (6) clinical environment. Overall the PSS had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.93.

Conclusion:  The results confirm the construct validity and the internal consistency of the PSS for South African nursing students.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9257834PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v45i1.2276DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

nursing students
20
construct validity
16
south african
12
validity reliability
8
perceived stress
8
stress scale
8
stress nursing
8
pss south
8
african nursing
8
six-factor latent
8

Similar Publications

Focusing on young adults constituting the most vulnerable and risky group regarding substance abuse, the present study was carried out in order to examine the relationship between the spiritual well-being levels of university students and their substance abuse proclivity. Having a descriptive and cross sectional design, this study was completed with 250 students studying at a Vocational High School of a university in Türkiye during the academic year 2021-2022. The data collection process was carried out by using the "Personal Information Form," the "Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS)," and the "Substance Use Tendency Scale (SAPS).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: This cross-sectional correlational study investigated the relationship between a hidden curriculum and fourth-year nursing students' career plans, professional values, and professional readiness.

Background: The hidden nursing education curriculum can influence professional outcomes. While nursing curriculum is designed to prepare students to become proficient nurses, the hidden curriculum is linked to unintended learning outcomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aims: Internet addiction is one of the most serious behavioral addiction problems affecting the physical and mental health of college students. A model is constructed to reveal the mediating role of anxiety and the moderating role of information cocoons in the relationship between the experiences in close relationship and internet addiction among college students in this article.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey investigated 2946 college students in China who had experienced close romantic relationships.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Chronotypes and perceived stress can predict psychiatric symptoms and affect sleep quality, though the relationships between these factors are not completely described. This study explores the influence of chronotypes and perceived stress on sleep quality among undergraduates.

Methods: An online survey was administered to a convenience sample of 110 undergraduates aged 18-23 years (mean age 20.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Only a few studies have explored how compassion is taught to nursing students. This study aimed to investigate the differences in compassionate flow among nursing students both before and after an educational intervention.

Materials And Methods: This study employed a cluster randomised controlled trial design in medical schools in Taiwan.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!