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Cardiorespiratory Dynamics in the Brain: Review on the Significance of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Correlates in functional MRI signal.
Neuroimage
January 2025
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address:
Cardiorespiratory signals have long been treated as "noise" in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research, with the goal of minimizing their impact to isolate neural activity. However, there is a growing recognition that these signals, once seen as confounding variables, provide valuable insights into brain function and overall health. This shift reflects the dynamic interaction between the cardiovascular, respiratory, and neural systems, which together support brain activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisentangling Sources of Momentum Fluctuations in Xe+Xe and Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
High-energy nuclear collisions create a quark-gluon plasma, whose initial condition and subsequent expansion vary from event to event, impacting the distribution of the eventwise average transverse momentum [P([p_{T}])]. Disentangling the contributions from fluctuations in the nuclear overlap size (geometrical component) and other sources at a fixed size (intrinsic component) remains a challenge. This problem is addressed by measuring the mean, variance, and skewness of P([p_{T}]) in ^{208}Pb+^{208}Pb and ^{129}Xe+^{129}Xe collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSelf-Interacting Dark Sectors in Supernovae Can Behave as a Relativistic Fluid.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, Italy.
We revisit supernova (SN) bounds on a hidden sector consisting of millicharged particles χ and a massless dark photon. Unless the self-coupling is fine-tuned to be small, rather than exiting the SN core as a gas, the particles form a relativistic fluid and subsequent dark QED fireball, streaming out against the drag due to the interaction with matter. Novel bounds due to excessive energy deposition in the mantle of low-energy supernovae can be obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Multiyear Longitudinal Harmonization Study of Quality Controls in Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core Facilities.
J Proteome Res
January 2025
Centre for Genomic Regulation, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
Quality control procedures play a pivotal role in ensuring the reliability and consistency of data generated in mass spectrometry-based proteomics laboratories. However, the lack of standardized quality control practices across laboratories poses challenges for data comparability and reproducibility. In response, we conducted a harmonization study within proteomics laboratories of the Core for Life alliance with the aim of establishing a common quality control framework, which facilitates comprehensive quality assessment and identification of potential sources of performance drift.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatching a wave: On the suitability of traveling-wave solutions in epidemiological modeling.
Theor Popul Biol
December 2024
Cornell University, Department of Computational Biology, 102 Tower Rd, Ithaca, 14850, NY, USA.
Ordinary differential equation models such as the classical SIR model are widely used in epidemiology to study and predict infectious disease dynamics. However, these models typically assume that populations are homogeneously mixed, ignoring possible variations in disease prevalence due to spatial heterogeneity. To address this issue, reaction-diffusion models have been proposed as an alternative approach to modeling spatially continuous populations in which individuals move in a diffusive manner.
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