AI Article Synopsis
- Traditional outcomes of the Fontan operation (FO) in patients with endocardial cushion defects (ECD) are generally worse compared to non-ECD patients, leading to the need for a study comparing their short-term outcomes directly.
- A retrospective analysis of the Kids Inpatient Database showed that out of 3,380 FO patients, 360 had ECD, who were more likely to also have conditions like Down syndrome and experienced higher discharge mortality and longer hospital stays.
- The study found that ECD diagnosis, along with complications like cardiac arrest and acute kidney injury, significantly predicted higher mortality rates in FO patients, indicating the need for improved management strategies for ECD cases.
Article Abstract
Background: The traditional outcomes of the Fontan operation (FO) in endocardial cushion defect (ECD) patients have been suboptimal. Previous studies have been limited by the smaller number of ECD patients, longer study period with an era effect, and do not directly compare short-term outcomes of FO in ECD patients with non-ECD patients. Our study aims to address these shortcomings.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Kids Inpatient Database (2009, 2012, and 2016) for the FO was done. The groups were divided into those who underwent FO with ECD as compared to non-ECD diagnosis. The data were abstracted for demographics, clinical characteristics, and operative outcomes. Standard statistical tests were used.
Results: Three thousand three hundred eighty patients underwent the FO of which 360 patients (11%) were FO-ECD. ECD patients were more likely to have Down syndrome, Heterotaxy syndrome, transposition/DORV, and TAPVR as compared to non-ECD patients. FO-ECD had a higher discharge-mortality (2.84% vs. 0.45%, p = .04). The length of stay (16 vs. 13 days, p = .05) and total charges incurred ($283, 280 vs. $234, 106, p = .03) for the admission were higher in the FO-ECD as compared to non-ECD patients. In multivariable analysis, ECD diagnosis, cardiac arrest, acute kidney injury, and postoperative hemorrhage were predictors of mortality.
Conclusion: Contemporary outcomes for FO are excellent with very low overall operative mortality. However, the outcomes in ECD patients are inferior with higher operative mortality than in non-ECD patients. The occurrence of postoperation complications and a diagnosis of ECD were predictive of a negative outcome.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jocs.16742 | DOI Listing |
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