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Plant Breeding and the Origins of Genetics.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol
November 2024
Department of Philosophy, Classics, History of Art and Ideas, University of Oslo, Blidern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
This paper argues that the historiography of genetics ∼1900, the formation period of modern science, is too narrow. It lacks attention to plant breeding. Perhaps this omission also narrows the present understanding of fundamental ideas like the genotype/phenotype distinction and the gene concept? There is a mythical story still told in textbooks and at anniversaries: As modern genetics started with the rediscovery of Mendel's laws in 1900, a fateful controversy over continuous or discontinuous variation of heredity between biometricians and Mendelians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeiotic Drive and Speciation.
Annu Rev Genet
November 2024
Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; email:
Meiotic drive is the biased transmission of alleles from heterozygotes, contrary to Mendel's laws, and reflects intragenomic conflict rather than organism-level Darwinian selection. Theory has been developed as to how centromeric properties can promote female meiotic drive and how conflict between the X and Y chromosomes in males can promote male meiotic drive. There are empirical data that fit both the centromere drive and sex chromosome drive models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of Participation in Medicare's Oncology Care Model With Spending, Utilization, and Quality Outcomes Among Commercially Insured and Medicare Advantage Members.
J Clin Oncol
January 2025
Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
Purpose: The Oncology Care Model (OCM), a value-based payment model for traditional Medicare beneficiaries with cancer, yielded total spending reductions that were outweighed by incentive payments, resulting in net losses to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. We studied whether the OCM yielded spillover effects in total episode spending, utilization, and quality among commercially insured and Medicare Advantage (MA) members, who were not targeted by the program.
Patients And Methods: This observational study used administrative claims from a large national payer, yielding 157,189 total patients with commercial insurance or MA with solid malignancies who initiated 229,376 systemic anticancer therapy episodes before (2012-2015) and during (2016-2021) the OCM at 125 OCM-participating practices (a subset of total OCM practices) and a 1:10 propensity-matched set of 860 non-OCM practices.
Genetic diseases are not necessarily inherited: suggestion on its Chinese translation.
Yi Chuan
September 2024
Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Article Synopsis
- Medical genetics has evolved from Mendel's 1865 discoveries to advanced genomics in modern medicine, transforming our understanding of genetic diseases.
- The term "Genetic Disease" was adopted by the WHO in 1972, while early Chinese genetics textbooks used phrases like "inferior inheritance," highlighting differences in terminology.
- Recent research reveals that some genetic diseases may arise from mutations in offspring rather than from inherited traits, prompting a need for more precise language to describe genetic conditions in both English and Chinese to enhance cooperation in the field.
Clonal ants reveal a potentially hidden meiotic feature.
Trends Genet
November 2024
Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:
Meiosis is essential for eukaryotic reproduction and provides the basis for Mendel's segregation laws. A recent study by Lacy et al. identified a significant deviation from these laws in a clonal ant, hinting at a potentially overlooked meiotic feature.
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