The dielectric loss factor d was measured on 130 porcine liver samples which were subjected to different cooling conditions. Immediately after slaughtering, all livers showed d less than or equal to 3. Subsequent cool storage caused continuous increases of d, which however does not provide reliable information about the storage time, since similar increases may result from mechanical treatment. On the other hand, samples thawed after long-term deep freezing showed extremely high values of d. d greater than or equal to 40 resulted after freezing for some weeks. Here, a distinction from fresh liver can be obtained within a few seconds and without sample taking. However, livers deep frozen for short periods cannot be detected in all cases. The observed effects are attributable to membrane defects due to four different mechanisms.
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