Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite materials have attracted considerable research interest, especially for photovoltaics. In addition, their scope has been extended towards light-emitting devices, photodetectors, or detectors. However, the toxicity of lead (Pb) element in perovskite compositions limits their applications. Therefore, a tremendous research effort on replacing is underway. More specifically, tin-based perovskites have shown the highest potential for this purpose. However, many challenges remain before these materials reach the goals of stability, safety, and eventually commercial application. This perspective considers many aspects and the critical development possibilities of tin-based perovskites, including drawbacks and challenges based on their physical properties. Additionally, it provides insights for future device applications that go beyond solar cells. Finally, the existing challenges and opportunities in tin-based perovskites are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2sc01914k | DOI Listing |
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January 2025
College of Semiconductors (College of Integrated Circuits), Hunan University Changsha, Hunan, 410082, P. R. China.
Tin-based halide perovskites (ASnX) have garnered substantial interest due to their unique photoelectric properties and environmentally friendly features. The A-site ions tuning strategy has been proven to promote material performance. However, there is a lack of systematic research on the optical properties, lattice structure variation, and band structure evolution in tin-based perovskites when the A-site ions tune from organic to inorganic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Energy Lett
January 2025
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Hahn-Meitner Platz 1, 14109 Berlin, Germany.
Tin-based perovskite solar cells offer a less toxic alternative to their lead-based counterparts. Despite their promising optoelectronic properties, their performances still lag behind, with the highest power conversion efficiencies reaching around 15%. This efficiency limitation arises primarily from electronic defects leading to self-p-doping and stereochemical activity of the Sn(II) ion, which distorts the atomic arrangement in the material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
December 2024
Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Information Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
Tin-based perovskite has emerged as an excellent luminescent material due to its non-toxicity and narrow bandgap compared to lead-based perovskite. However, its tin ions are easily oxidized by oxygen, which leads to increased vacancy defects and poor crystallinity, presenting a significant challenge in obtaining high-quality perovskite films. In this context, we introduced an approach by synergistically adding SnF and tin powder into the precursor solution to enhance the antioxidation of Sn ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
January 2025
Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
Tin-based halide perovskites represent a highly promising and eco-friendly alternative to lead-based materials with significant potential for optoelectronic applications. However, their advancement is hampered by challenges such as poor film crystallinity and unintended self-doping. Herein, this work reports the fabrication of high-quality CsSnBr perovskite films by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD), which improves the film quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Xiamen Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Advanced Manufacturing, Institute of Luminescent Materials and Information Displays, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
The advancement of tin-based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) has been severely hindered by the poor controllability of perovskite crystal growth and the energy level mismatch between the perovskite and fullerene-based electron transport layer (ETL). Here, we synthesized three cis-configured pyridyl-substituted fulleropyrrolidines (PPF), specifically 2-pyridyl (PPF2), 3-pyridyl (PPF3), and 4-pyridyl (PPF4), and utilized them as precursor additives to regulate the crystallization kinetics during film formation. The spatial distance between the two pyridine groups in PPF2, PPF3, and PPF4 increases sequentially, enabling PPF4 to interact with more perovskite colloidal particles.
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