Unlabelled: Malassezia are common yeasts in human skin microbiome. Under certain conditions these yeasts may cause disease from skin disorders to systemic infections. In the absence of clinical breakpoints, epidemiological cutoff values (ECVs) are useful to differentiate isolates with acquired or mutational resistance. The aim of this work was to propose tentative ECVs of Malassezia furfur, M. sympodialis, M. globosa for fluconazole (FCZ), itraconazole (ITZ), voriconazole (VCZ), ketoconazole (KTZ) and amphotericin B (AMB). A total of 160 isolates (80 M. furfur, 50 M. sympodialis, and 30 M. globosa) were tested. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by modified broth microdilution method (CLSI). ECVs were estimated by ECOFFinder software and twofold dilutions beyond the mode. ITZ, KTZ, and VCZ showed the lowest MICs. The highest MIC and widest ranges were for FCZ and AMB. For ITZ, KTZ, and VCZ both ECVs were similar. For FCZ, AMB especially M. furfur, modal ECVs were lower than values obtained by statistical method. When MIC distribution is the only data available, ECV could provide information to help guide therapy decisions. In that drug/species combination in which different peaks in the MIC distribution were observed, difference between both ECV was greater. This is the first study that provides ECV data of 160 Malassezia yeasts. Although ECVs cannot be used as predictors of clinical response, identification of non wild-type isolates suggests that it may be less likely to respond to a given antifungal agent.
Lay Summary: Malassezia species causes skin disorders to systemic infections. Epidemiological cutoff value (ECV) allows for differentiation of wild-type and non wild-type isolates. Based on MIC data of 160 isolates we propose tentative ECVs for three Malassezia species. ECVs are useful in surveillance and guide therapy decisions.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myac048 | DOI Listing |
Mycoses
December 2024
Working Group on Mycoses in DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Background: Although cutaneous mycoses are a global public health problem, very few data are available in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Objectives: This study aimed to describe the retrospective clinical epidemiology of dermatomycosis and their associated risk factors in dermatological consultations in Kinshasa, DRC.
Methods: A retrospective study based on the medical records of patients seen in the departments of dermatology of 2 major hospitals in Kinshasa from March 2000 to August 2023 was carried out.
Mycoses
December 2024
Department of Dermato-Venereology, 4 Th Military Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland.
Background: Superficial fungal infections (SFI) are contagious conditions affecting the skin and its appendages, caused by various fungal species. Monitoring the distribution of common pathogens and identifying at-risk patient groups are essential for effective management and prevention.
Objectives: This study investigates the characteristics of SFI in Poland's Malopolska region from 2017 to 2019, focusing on etiological agents, infection sites and risk factors.
Indian J Dermatol
October 2024
From the Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Rd, Singapore.
Background: Superficial cutaneous fungal infections are common dermatologic conditions. A significant proportion do not present with typical clinical findings. However, the 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) smear, a simple bedside test, is often underused when diagnosing cutaneous fungal infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Med (Lausanne)
November 2024
Translational Medicine Institute, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Background: Colonization of the human gut and tumor tissue by non-pathogenic fungi has emerged as a potential risk factor associated with cancer epidemics. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess the role of fungal colonization in gastrointestinal (GI) tumors in increasing diagnostic efficiency.
Methods: A PubMed citation search was conducted for publications up to and including March 2023, followed by full-text screening.
Med Mycol
December 2024
Aix-Marseille Université, SSA, AP-HM, RITMES, Marseille, France.
Malassezia species are lipid-dependent yeasts of the normal skin mycobiota in humans and some animals. Yet, both the dynamic of Malassezia skin colonization and the associated fungal and bacterial skin microbiome remain unknown in HIV+ patients. This study aimed to compare Malassezia yeast community structure and associated microbiome on the healthy skin of HIV+ patients and healthy controls.
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