"Oversimplified" and "simplified" methods based on true coincidence summing effect used in uncomplicated determination of the photo-peak efficiency of the semiconductor High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector system are suggested and verified. The methods and calibrated Co radioactive source may be used to commission any HPGe detector to use during potential criticality event. The determined accuracy of the semiconductor HPGe detector system using this method is a few percent (for the detector system used in this study it was ≃8% for "oversimplified" and ≃5% for "simplified" methods accordingly) reasonable, expected, and good enough to use for estimation of neutron dose from irradiated human blood in a potential criticality event. Moreover, if one can experimentally deduce the photo-peak efficiency for Co 1333 keV γ-ray line using the suggested methods, then with a few percent accuracy this efficiency could be also used for 1369 keV γ-ray line in the decay of Na isotope.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110335 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
January 2025
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
For the purpose of this study, four natural rock samples-namely, diorite, granodiorite, tonalite, and granite-are being investigated about their radiation attenuation. The elemental composition of the rocks was obtained through Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) which examines the microstructural and localized area elemental analyses of the four rock samples. A Monte Carlo simulation (MCNP) was used to determine and evaluate the investigated samples.
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December 2024
Nuclear Safeguards and Physical Protection Department, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
The effective implementation of domestic and international safeguards necessitates verification techniques for Nuclear Materials (NM). Even in the case of very small quantities of NMs, accounting for and analyzing such traces can provide insights into the mass balance of NMs and/or state activities, ensuring consistency in state declarations. This paper proposes and benchmarks an absolute calibration methodology for estimating the uranium-mass content in large-volume barrels (200 L).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Radiat Isot
December 2024
Bingöl University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Physics, 12000, Bingöl, Türkiye.
In this study, the gamma radiation shielding properties of concrete samples reinforced with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of the cement weight of brass alloy were investigated. To test gamma shielding performance of the samples, mass and linear attenuation coefficients, half and tenth value layers, effective atomic number and radiation protection efficiency parameters were determined experimentally, theoretically and Monte Carlo simulations (GEANT4 and FLUKA). The studies were performed at 11 different gamma energies that range from 59.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Physics, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Giresun University, 28100 Giresun, Turkey.
Ionizing radiation plays an essential role across various fields but also poses significant health risks, requiring effective shielding solutions. This study focuses on the photon shielding properties of PbO-reinforced composites, specifically PbO-0, PbO-2, PbO-4, PbO-6, PbO-8, and PbO-10, through experimental measurements of photon energies ranging from 59.5 keV to 1408.
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November 2024
Radiation Measurements Department, Main Chemical Laboratories, Cairo, Egypt.
The radioactivity levels and risk factors have been assessed for twenty-eight positions of Black-Sand (BS) surface deposits along the Mediterranean Sea coast of north Sinai, Egypt. Twenty-eight surface samples were collected from six local cities: El Ressa, Abo Sakl, Ghornata, El Arish, El Masaed, and El Rommana. The activity concentration values of the nuclides of the Ra, Th, and K of the collected samples were measured using a P-type HPGe detector with a relative efficiency of ∼100% where it is defined at 1.
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