The honey peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) is the third most important worldwide fruit ranking after apples and pears. It is essential to seek the critical metabolites for identifying the origins as well as exploring potential valuable information for the honey peach. In this study, the honey peach from five main cultivation regions in the north of China were studied. Firstly, the metabolic profiling of honey peach was characterized by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Subsequently, the multivariate statistical techniques were performed to obtain critical metabolites. As a result, 58 metabolites were regarded as potential key markers that revealed the significant difference among the five groups. The screened critical metabolites of quercitrin, plantagoside, 3-p-coumaroylquinic acid, procyanidin, and quinic acid might have positive impacts on honey peach. Moreover, the partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model was developed with the critical metabolites. It gained acceptable predictive ability with the accuracy of 0.9444 for the validation set. Additionally, this study affords theoretical basis for the origin traceability of peach samples and provides the guidance for honey peach breeders for a long-range planting.
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