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Direct and indirect effects of land use on microbiomes of trap-nesting solitary bee larvae and nests.
Front Microbiol
January 2025
Cellular and Organismic Networks, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Introduction: The global decline in biodiversity and insect populations highlights the urgent need to conserve ecosystem functions, such as plant pollination by solitary bees. Human activities, particularly agricultural intensification, pose significant threats to these essential services. Changes in land use alter resource and nest site availability, pesticide exposure and other factors impacting the richness, diversity, and health of solitary bee species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCosts and benefits of maternal nest choice: Trade-offs between brood survival and thermal stress in bees.
Ecology
January 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Optimal nest site selection is crucial in animals whose offspring are completely dependent on the shelter of a nest. Parental decisions influencing nest thermal conditions are particularly important because temperature strongly influences juvenile activity, metabolism, growth, developmental rate, survival, and adult body size. In small ectotherms such as bees, maternal decisions to nest in sun-exposed or shady sites can lead to marked differences in thermal microenvironments inside nests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and In-Vitro Tuning of Piperine Containing Solid Lipid Microparticles for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
AAPS PharmSciTech
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The current project was designed to develop piperine-loaded solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) to assess the anti-arthritic potential of piperine (PIP). Variable proportions of carnauba wax, beeswax, and tween 80 were employed for preparing SLMs by using the solvent evaporation technique. The developed formulations were subjected to particle size measurements, entrapment efficiency (EE), and zeta potential (ZP) determination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHoney bees rely on associative stimulus strength after training on an olfactory transitive inference task.
Front Psychol
January 2025
Sorbonne University, CNRS, INSERM, Institute of Biology Paris Seine, Neurosciences Paris Seine, Paris, France.
Transitive inference, the ability to establish hierarchical relationships between stimuli, is typically tested by training with premise pairs (e.g., A + B-, B + C-, C + D-, D + E-), which establishes a stimulus hierarchy (A > B > C > D > E).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExposure of insects to current use pesticide residues in soil and vegetation along spatial and temporal distribution in agricultural sites.
Sci Rep
January 2025
iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany.
Current use pesticides (CUPs) are recognised as the largest deliberate input of bioactive substances into terrestrial ecosystems and one of the main factors responsible for the current decline in insects in agricultural areas. To quantify seasonal insect exposure in the landscape at a regional scale (Rhineland-Palatine in Germany), we analysed the presence of multiple (93) active ingredients in CUPs across three different agricultural cultivation types (with each three fields: arable, vegetable, viticulture) and neighbouring meadows. We collected monthly soil and vegetation samples over a year.
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