Cyanidin-3--β-Glucoside Attenuates Platelet Chemokines and Their Receptors in Atherosclerotic Inflammation of ApoE Mice.

Platelet chemokines play well-established roles in the atherosclerotic inflammation. Cyanidin-3--β-glucoside (Cy-3-g) is one of the main bioactive compounds in anthocyanins, but its effects on chemokines during atherosclerosis have not been determined yet. In the present study, ApoE mice were fed on the chow diet, high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD-supplemented Cy-3-g at 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg diet. After 16 weeks, Cy-3-g significantly alleviated the atherosclerotic lesion and inhibited platelet aggregation and activation. Moreover, Cy-3-g significantly reduced inflammatory chemokines CXCL4, CXCL7, CCL5, CXCL5, CXCL12, and CCL2 in plasma and downregulated CXCR4, CXCR7, and CCR5 on platelets and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Besides, Cy-3-g decreased the mRNA of TNFα, IFNγ, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CD68, MMP7, CCL5, CXCR4, and CCR5 in the aorta of mice. Therefore, it suggests that Cy-3-g plays important preventive roles in the process of atherosclerosis via attenuating chemokines and receptors in ApoE mice.