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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.919122 | DOI Listing |
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Bayesian statistics for clinical research.
Lancet
September 2024
Department of Statistical Science (A Heath), University College London, London, UK; MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK; Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics and Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Frequentist and Bayesian statistics represent two differing paradigms for the analysis of data. Frequentism became the dominant mode of statistical thinking in medical practice during the 20th century. The advent of modern computing has made Bayesian analysis increasingly accessible, enabling growing use of Bayesian methods in a range of disciplines, including medical research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEditorial: The unlearning of school attendance: ideas for change.
Front Psychol
April 2024
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States.
Equity-Centered Postdischarge Support for Medicaid-Insured People: Protocol for a Type 1 Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial.
JMIR Res Protoc
March 2024
Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
Background: Disparities in posthospitalization outcomes for people with chronic medical conditions and insured by Medicaid are well documented, yet interventions that mitigate them are lacking. Prevailing transitional care interventions narrowly target people aged 65 years and older, with specific disease processes, or limitedly focus on individual-level behavioral change such as self-care or symptom management, thus failing to adequately provide a holistic approach to ensure an optimal posthospital care continuum. This study evaluates the implementation of THRIVE-an evidence-based, equity-focused clinical pathway that supports Medicaid-insured individuals with multiple chronic conditions transitioning from hospital to home by focusing on the social determinants of health and systemic and structural barriers in health care delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlortaucipir tau PET findings from former professional and college American football players in the DIAGNOSE CTE research project.
Alzheimers Dement
March 2024
Banner Alzheimer's Institute and Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates tau pathology in chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) using tau PET imaging from 218 participants, including former professional and college football players, and a control group of individuals without head impact exposure.
- - Elevated tau levels were found in former football players compared to controls, especially in older players over 60 with cumulative head impact exposure, but PET imaging didn't effectively distinguish between individuals with and without traumatic encephalopathy syndrome.
- - The authors emphasize the need for further research to better understand the link between tau pathology and chronic traumatic brain injuries, as current findings only partially clarify these relationships.
Accuracy of Expected Symptoms and Subsequent Quality of Life Measures Among Adults With COPD.
JAMA Netw Open
November 2023
Palliative and Advanced Illness Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how inaccuracies in patients' expectations of their health affect their quality of life, focusing on those with severe COPD over a 24-month period.
- It found that many patients held overly optimistic views about their future symptoms, which led to a decline in their health-related quality of life within the first 3 months.
- Despite a diverse group of 207 participants, there was no clear link between demographic factors and the accuracy of health expectations, suggesting that communication with healthcare providers may be inadequate.
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