Mechanism and influencing factors of crystal-cell interaction in the formation of calcium oxalate stones.

Kidney stone is a disease with complex etiology and high incidence, and the most common chemical composition type of it is calcium oxalate stone. The formation of calcium oxalate stones includes crystal formation, crystal growth and aggregation, crystal interaction with renal tubular epithelial cells, and crystal invasion of renal interstitial extracellular matrix and so on. In these processes, crystal-cell interactions are essential for kidney crystal retention and kidney stone formation. Recently many studies have found that the interaction between crystal and renal tubular epithelial cells is closely related to various key binding molecules, endoplasmic reticulum stress of tubular cells, extracellular matrix proteins, and various lithotriptic drugs. Understanding the mechanism of crystal-cell interaction is of great significance for the prevention and early treatment of calcium oxalate stones.