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The expression of transcription factors in the human fetal subthalamic nucleus suggests its origin from the first hypothalamic prosomere.
Brain Struct Funct
January 2025
Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
In this study, we analyzed the spatio-temporal pattern of expression of specific transcription factors (PITX2, FOXA1, BARHL1, FOXP1, FOXP2) in the human fetal subthalamic nucleus and its neighboring structures from 11 postconceptional weeks (PCW) to 3 postnatal months. We found that all analyzed transcription factors are expressed already during the early fetal period (at 11 PCW). Both FOXP1- and FOXP2-immunoreactive cells were found in the subthalamic nucleus as well as in the striatum, thalamus, reticular nucleus, but not in the zona incerta.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPallidal Spike-Train Variability and Randomness Are the Most Important Signatures to Classify Parkinson's Disease and Cervical Dystonia.
Eur J Neurosci
January 2025
Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and cervical dystonia (CD) are associated with abnormal neuronal activity in the globus pallidus internus (GPi). Reduced firing rate and presence of spiking bursts are typical for CD, whereas PD is characterized by high frequency tonic activity. This research aims to identify the most important pallidal spiking parameters to classify these conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVentral pallidal GABAergic neurons drive consumption in male, but not female rats.
eNeuro
January 2025
Medical Discovery Team on Addiction, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
Food intake is controlled by multiple converging signals: hormonal signals that provide information about energy homeostasis, but also hedonic and motivational aspects of food and food cues that can drive non-homeostatic or "hedonic" feeding. The ventral pallidum (VP) is a brain region implicated in the hedonic and motivational impact of food and foods cues, as well as consumption of rewards. Disinhibition of VP neurons has been shown to generate intense hyperphagia, or overconsumption.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Network-wide effects of pallidal deep brain stimulation normalised abnormal cerebellar cortical activity in the dystonic animal model.
Neurobiol Dis
December 2024
Oscar Langendorff Institute of Physiology, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting globus pallidus internus (GPi) is a recognised therapy for drug-refractory dystonia. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect are not fully understood. This study explores how pallidal DBS alters spatiotemporal pattern formation of neuronal dynamics within the cerebellar cortex in a dystonic animal model, the dt hamster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnraveling the neural signatures: Distinct pallidal patterns in dystonia subtypes.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Neurological Institute, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA; Neurology Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. Electronic address:
Introduction: Dystonia manifests as slow twisting movements (pure dystonia) or repetitive, jerky motions (jerky dystonia). Dystonia can coexist with myoclonus (myoclonus dystonia) or tremor (tremor dystonia). Each of these presentations can have distinct etiology, can involve discrete sensorimotor networks, and may have characteristic neurophysiological signature.
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