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Crown damage can account for over 23% of canopy biomass turnover in tropical forests and is a strong predictor of tree mortality; yet, it is not typically represented in vegetation models. We incorporate crown damage into the Functionally Assembled Terrestrial Ecosystem Simulator (FATES), to evaluate how lags between damage and tree recovery or death alter demographic rates and patterns of carbon turnover. We represent crown damage as a reduction in a tree's crown area and leaf and branch biomass, and allow associated variation in the ratio of aboveground to belowground plant tissue. We compare simulations with crown damage to simulations with equivalent instant increases in mortality and benchmark results against data from Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. In FATES, crown damage causes decreases in growth rates that match observations from BCI. Crown damage leads to increases in carbon starvation mortality in FATES, but only in configurations with high root respiration and decreases in carbon storage following damage. Crown damage also alters competitive dynamics, as plant functional types that can recover from crown damage outcompete those that cannot. This is a first exploration of the trade-off between the additional complexity of the novel crown damage module and improved predictive capabilities. At BCI, a tropical forest that does not experience high levels of disturbance, both the crown damage simulations and simulations with equivalent increases in mortality does a reasonable job of capturing observations. The crown damage module provides functionality for exploring dynamics in forests with more extreme disturbances such as cyclones and for capturing the synergistic effects of disturbances that overlap in space and time.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16318 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
November 2024
Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU.
Endodontically treated molar rehabilitation is still challenging. Molars lose their mechanical properties after endodontic therapy. As a result of the pulp and surrounding dentin tissues being removed, they actually became brittle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Biol Med
December 2024
Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Background: Rehabilitation of endodontically treated teeth with large coronal destruction is still a clinical challenge. No established guidelines specify where a conventional crown with fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post-and-resin core or an endocrown (EC) is indicated and which material or pulpal extension should be used.
Objective: To provide evidence for restoring severely damaged maxillary first molar (MFM) by comparing the fracture and debonding resistance after being restored with the ceramic EC and the conventional zirconia crown and FRC post-and-resin core.
J Am Chem Soc
December 2024
Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Mechanical fatigue of the binders during the repeated volume change of Si-based anodes induces binder network collapse, resulting in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) failing prematurely. Herein, we designed a damageless polymer binder with a mechanically interlocked network utilizing [n]daisy chains (MIN) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to improve the structural cohesion of the Si-based anode. This MIN@PAA binder exhibits robust mechanical properties, high elasticity, and excellent adhesion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
November 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
SARS-CoV-2 is a highly transmissible virus that causes COVID-19 disease. Mechanisms of viral pathogenesis include excessive inflammation and viral-induced cell death, resulting in tissue damage. Here we show that the host E3-ubiquitin ligase TRIM7 acts as an inhibitor of apoptosis and SARS-CoV-2 replication via ubiquitination of the viral membrane (M) protein.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
October 2024
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR.
Aim: This study aimed to assess the iatrogenic damage to adjacent dental surfaces when using different prevention methods.
Methods: Fifty gypsum casts were evaluated in this cross-sectional study, and a total of 50 posterior teeth that required full crown preparation to receive fixed prostheses were included in this study. The casts were assigned into two groups.
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