Indoor residual spraying (IRS) has changed little since its introduction in the 1940s. Manual spraying is still prone to variation in insecticide dose. To improve the application of IRS in experimental hut trials, an automated track sprayer was developed, which regulates the speed of application and the distance of the nozzle from the wall, two key sources of variation. The automated track sprayer was compared to manual spraying, firstly using fluorescein solution in controlled indoor settings, and secondly in experimental huts in Tanzania using several IRS products. Manual spraying produced greater variation with both fluorescein and insecticide applications. Both manual and automated spray methods under-dosed the actual dose sprayed compared to the target dose. Overall, the track sprayer treats surfaces more consistently, offering a potential improvement over manual spraying for experimental hut evaluation of new IRS formulations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects13060523 | DOI Listing |
Parasit Vectors
February 2024
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 500 5th Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Background: Efforts to evaluate the residual efficacy of new indoor residual spraying (IRS) formulations have identified limitations with the industry standard laboratory sprayer, the Potter Spray Tower (PT). Calibrating the PT can be time-consuming, and the dosing of surfaces may not be as accurate or uniform as previously assumed.
Methods: To address these limitations, the Micron Horizontal Track Sprayer with Spray Cabinet (TS) was developed to provide higher efficiency, ease of operation and deposition uniformity equal to or better than the PT.
Front Plant Sci
September 2023
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Introduction: The high clearance sprayer with conventional steering mechanisms, as an intelligent spraying machine, is frequently stuck or broken in muddy fields due to the excessive torque load.
Methods: A Four-Wheel Self-Steering (4WSS) electric-driven chassis with a smaller turning radius and better passability is developed to handle complex agricultural terrains. The 4WSS chassis is mainly composed of two custom-designed steering bridges and four in-wheel drive motors.
Front Plant Sci
June 2023
Institute of Agricultural Facilities and Equipment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
Accurate navigation is crucial in the construction of intelligent orchards, and the need for vehicle navigation accuracy becomes even more important as production is refined. However, traditional navigation methods based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and 2D light detection and ranging (LiDAR) can be unreliable in complex scenarios with little sensory information due to tree canopy occlusion. To solve these issues, this paper proposes a 3D LiDAR-based navigation method for trellis orchards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
January 2023
Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Spraying chemical pesticides is one of the important means to control plant pest, and the profile variable spraying is an important technology to achieve precise pesticide application. A profiling tracking control method and an improved algorithm based on CMAC-PID (Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller- Potential Induced Degradation) were proposed in the paper. The test results of the sprayer profiling tracking of the tree canopies showed that the profiling control system using the improved algorithm had significantly better dynamic tracking performance, and the overall mean tracking error was reduced by 35.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Health Perspect
August 2022
California Department of Pesticide Regulation (retired), Sacramento, California, USA.
Background: Many pesticide products are mixtures of multiple chemicals. These include active ingredients intended to kill pests, and so-called inert ingredients intended to improve the physical characteristics of the product. In addition, shortly before applying a pesticide product, applicators often mix adjuvants into the sprayer tank.
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