Cyclopropanated allylboration reagents participate in homoallylation reactions of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes, generating allylic-substituted alkenes that are difficult to produce via other methods. In studying the effect of cyclopropane substituents, we discovered that an aryl substituent completely changes the outcome to cyclopropylcarbinylation, as if the cyclopropylcarbinyl fragment were transferred intact. However, density functional theory computation suggested a novel mechanism involving ring opening and reclosure, which is supported by experimental evidence.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01790 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
Laboratory of Genome Diversification & Integrity, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
The establishment of protective immune responses relies on the ability of terminally differentiated B cells to secrete a broad variety of antigen-specific antibodies with different effector functions. RIF1 is a multifunctional protein that promotes antibody isotype diversification via its DNA end protection activity during class switch recombination. In this study, we showed that RIF1 ablation resulted in increased plasmablast formation ex vivo and enhanced terminal differentiation into plasma cells upon immunization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Parasitol
January 2025
Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, 6525GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Hypnozoites - dormant Plasmodium parasites in the liver - can cause relapse infections and form a major obstacle to malaria eradication. The mechanisms controlling dormancy remain poorly understood, but hypnozoite formation and reactivation is likely regulated by a combination of parasite intrinsic factors and external stimuli. We reviewed current knowledge of Plasmodium dormancy and drew parallels with dormancy in other parasites and life-cycle stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
National Resource Center for Chinese Meteria Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China.
Glycosylation is an effective means to alter the structure and properties of plant compounds, influencing the pharmacological activity of natural products (NPs) to obtain highly active NPs. In nature, glucosides are the most widely distributed, while other glycosides such as xylosides are less common and present in lower quantities. This is due to the scarcity of xylosyltransferases with substrate promiscuity in nature, and the modification of their catalytic function is also quite challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: SHP1 (PTPN6) and SHP2 (PTPN11) are closely related protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which are autoinhibited until their SH2 domains bind paired tyrosine-phosphorylated immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory/switch motifs (ITIMs/ITSMs). These PTPs bind overlapping sets of ITIM/ITSM-bearing proteins, suggesting that they might have some redundant functions. By studying T cell-specific single and double knockout mice, we found that SHP1 and SHP2 redundantly restrain naïve T cell differentiation to effector and central memory phenotypes, with SHP1 playing the dominant role.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Electroresponsive multicolored materials have tremendous potential in flexible electronics and smart wearable devices. Herein, the electrochromic dynamics and morphological evolution of a single soft polyaniline nanoentity can be visualized and decoupled by an opto-electrochemical imaging strategy. The durability, tinting speed, and reversibility down to the single-nanoparticle level are quantified, and the switching of transient intermediate electrochromic states is trapped.
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