This systematic review aimed to outline the outcome of () variants on the effects of anesthetic and analgesic agents used in various procedures. Literature was obtained from reliable, established databases and reference tracking. Efficacy and side/adverse effects of anesthetic and analgesic drugs intraoperatively or within 48 h postsurgery were the key outcome measures for all populations. Animal studies were excluded. Twenty-nine studies were chosen for inclusion. In association with the efficacy and safety of anesthetic and analgesic agents, gene polymorphism in displayed a strong correlation in reduced analgesic effect and protection against adverse reactions. This systematic review summarized the correlation between genetic polymorphism in the gene and anesthetic/analgesic effects.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/pgs-2022-0042 | DOI Listing |
Am J Psychiatry
January 2025
Biobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Section, NIDA, Baltimore (Levinstein, Budinich, Michaelides); Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Bonaventura); Neuropharmacology and Pain Group, Neuroscience Program, IDIBELL-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona (Bonaventura); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford (Schatzberg); Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, NIMH, Bethesda (Zarate); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore (Michaelides).
Ketamine is a racemic compound and medication comprised of ()-ketamine and ()-ketamine enantiomers and its metabolites. It has been used for decades as a dissociative anesthetic, analgesic, and recreational drug. More recently, ketamine, its enantiomers, and its metabolites have been used or are being investigated for the treatment of refractory depression, as well as for comorbid disorders such as anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, and opioid use disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin J Pain
February 2025
Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Objectives: The rationale of adoption opioid-sparing anesthesia (OSA) is to achieve perioperative analgesia with a minimal amount of opioids combined with nonopioid adjuvants during and after surgery, namely multimodal anesthesia. The OSA approach was originally developed to overcome the known complications of opioid-based anesthesia (OA), and the present scoping review (ScR) aims at providing clinical evidence of the safety and efficacy of OSA with respect to OA.
Methods: This ScR is mainly focused on studies presenting evidence on the safety and efficacy of OSA versus OA.
Drug Des Devel Ther
December 2024
Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, People's Republic of China.
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