Pleurisy with pneumothorax due to CAM-resistant MAC lung disease.

A 72-year-old man received rifampicin, ethambutol and sitafloxacin to treat clarithromycin (CAM)-resistant complex (MAC) lung disease. He was admitted because of fever. Pneumothorax and pleural effusion were present in the right lung, and a new consolidation appeared in the right upper lobe. Based on positive culture of the pleural effusion for CAM-resistant and findings on chest computed tomography, he was diagnosed with pleurisy due to , with rupture of the subpleural lung parenchymal lesion into the pleural space. Additional treatment with streptomycin (SM) improved the patient's high-grade fever. SM might be effective for pleurisy caused by CAM-resistant MAC lung disease.